{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T03:49:17Z","timestamp":1782186557656,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774742400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010275","name":"Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Muskelkranke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AP1\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP1\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010275","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008769","name":"Julius-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t W\u00fcrzburg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Peripheral Nervous Sys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Autoimmune nodopathy (AN) is a subtype of antibody\u2010mediated inflammatory neuropathy targeting the node of Ranvier (NoR). Diagnosis requires detection of anti\u2010(para)nodal autoantibodies like contactin\u20101 and neurofascin\u2010155 via ELISA or cell\u2010based assays, but protocols are inconsistent. Causes of node autoimmunity are unknown, and respiratory infections, including SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection or COVID\u201019 vaccination as triggers, have not been thoroughly investigated. We aim to establish and validate a next\u2010generation automated ELISA for anti\u2010(para)nodal antibodies and investigate whether low\u2010titer antibodies occur in recently COVID\u201019\u2010vaccinated healthy individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used the Ella platform to customize an automated ELISA for anti\u2010contactin\u20101, \u2212neurofascin\u2010155, and \u2010Caspr\u20101 serum IgG. Patients with known AN (23 anti\u2010neurofascin, 13 anti\u2010contactin\u20101, and 8 anti\u2010Caspr\u20101), 64 patients with seronegative (sub) acute inflammatory neuropathies, and 30 healthy controls served for validation, including quality analysis versus standard ELISA. Thirty\u2010seven diagnostic samples of patients with suspected AN and 280 sera of healthcare workers included in the CoVacSer study, collected 3\u2009weeks after COVID\u201019 vaccination or infection, were tested for anti\u2010contactin\u20101 and anti\u2010neurofascin\u2010155.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The automated ELISA showed high sensitivity (87.5%\u2013100%) and specificity (98.4%\u2013100%) for identifying AN, with reduced hands\u2010on time, high automation, and similar quality and titer characteristics as standard ELISA. Low\u2010titer anti\u2010neurofascin\u2010155, but no anti\u2010contactin\u20101 autoantibodies, were detected in 1\/280 post\u2010SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010vaccination or infection sera (0.36%). Longitudinal testing and clinical assessment did not indicate SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010related neurological symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We provide a highly automated, rapid, universally applicable test platform for anti\u2010(para)nodal antibodies. The low frequency of anti\u2010(para)nodal antibodies and absence of clinical AN manifestations in COVID\u201019\u2010vaccinated individuals support vaccination safety regarding AN development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.70117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T05:19:53Z","timestamp":1774847993000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Next\u2010Generation\n                    <scp>ELISA<\/scp>\n                    for the Detection of Anti\u2010(Para)Nodal Antibodies in Autoimmune Nodopathy and\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019 Vaccinated Individuals"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5248-4009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luise","family":"Appeltshauser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Ruprecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Reusch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4383-3107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliane","family":"Mees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory Unit University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg 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