{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:01:44Z","timestamp":1791219704065,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]],"date-time":"2025-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]],"date-time":"2025-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753574400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["sigmapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Nursing Scholarship"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dementia resulting from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complications significantly impacts older adults' quality of life, increasing suffering for both patients and their families. Numerous studies have identified self\u2010management as a key factor in adopting appropriate health behaviors to prevent diabetes\u2010related complications. However, internationally, there is insufficient empirical evidence for individual and family process factors predicting dementia prevention behaviors in older adults with T2DM. Therefore, we aimed to explore how dementia\u2010preventive self\u2010management behaviors (outcome dimension) are related to contextual and process dimensions based on the Individual and Family Self\u2010Management Theory (IFSMT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional observational study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 444 older adults with T2DM from six community hospitals in Chiang Mai completed valid and reliable self\u2010reported measures, including a Socio\u2010demographic Questionnaire, the Dementia Prevention of Individual and Family Self\u2010Management Process Questionnaire (DP\u2010IFSM\u2010PQ), and the Dementia Preventive Self\u2010Management Behavior Questionnaire (DPSMBQ). Data were analyzed using bivariate correlations, partial correlations, and multivariate linear regression with the stepwise method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Most participants exhibited high levels of individual and family self\u2010management processes and dementia\u2010preventive self\u2010management behaviors. Bivariate and partial correlation analyses revealed a significant association between DP\u2010IFSM\u2010PQ and DPSMBQ scores. Stepwise multiple linear regression identified self\u2010efficacy, a subdomain of DP\u2010IFSM\u2010PQ, as the strongest predictor of DPSMBQ scores. Other significant predictors included awareness of dementia prevention among family members, neighbors, and the community; family income sufficiency; history of comorbidities; distance to the hospital; and knowledge and beliefs (a subdomain of the DP\u2010IFSM\u2010PQ). The regression model was statistically significant (F [1, 437]\u2009=\u200946.662,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.000, Adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.382).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Self\u2010efficacy and knowledge and beliefs, based on IFSMT, are key predictors of dementia\u2010preventive behaviors among older adults with T2DM. These predictors could be used as potential intervention components in a subsequent co\u2010design study for promoting dementia preventive self\u2010management behaviors in older adults with T2DM. The results also reinforce the importance of family members and healthcare providers in supporting older adults with T2DM to enhance their dementia prevention behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jnu.70038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T01:59:00Z","timestamp":1753667940000},"page":"993-1002","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Factors Related to Dementia Preventive Self\u2010Management Behaviors Among Community\u2010Dwelling Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8600-7681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noppamas","family":"Pipatpiboon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Nursing Chiang Mai University  Suthep Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4473-7018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jirapas","family":"Sripetchwandee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University  Suthep Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University  Suthep Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0951-2208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Bressington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Nursing Chiang Mai University  Suthep Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24\u2010S005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12131"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1031655"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2020.101045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464\u20105491.2008.02628.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation.2017.\u201cIDF Clinical Practice Recommendations for Managing Type 2 Diabetes in Primary 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