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Recent studies indicate that this area is covered by a thick network of white matter (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) connections, which provide efficient and multimodal integration of information between both local and distant cortical nodes. It is important for neurosurgeons to have good knowledge of the three\u2010dimensional subcortical organisation of this highly connected region to minimise post\u2010operative permanent deficits. The aim of this dissection study was to highlight the subcortical functional anatomy from a topographical surgical perspective. Eight human hemispheres (four left, four right) obtained from four human cadavers were dissected according to Klingler's technique. Proceeding latero\u2010medially, the authors describe the anatomical courses of and the relationships between the main pathways crossing the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . The results obtained from dissection were first integrated with diffusion tensor imaging reconstructions and subsequently with functional data obtained from three surgical cases, all resection of infiltrating glial tumours using direct electrical mapping in awake patients. The subcortical limits for performing safe lesionectomies within the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    region are as follows: within the parietal region, the anterior horizontal part of the superior longitudinal fasciculus and, more deeply, the arcuate fasciculus; dorsally, the vertical projective thalamo\u2010cortical fibres. For lesions located within the temporal and occipital lobes, the resection should be tailored according to the orientation of the horizontal associative pathways (the inferior fronto\u2010occipital fascicle, inferior longitudinal fascicle and optic radiation). The relationships between the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    tracts and the ventricle system were also examined. These results indicate that a detailed anatomo\u2010functional awareness of the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    architecture within the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    area is mandatory when approaching intrinsic brain lesions to optimise surgical results and to minimise post\u2010operative morbidity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,30]],"date-time":"2014-06-30T21:14:45Z","timestamp":1404162885000},"page":"132-151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":135,"title":["Anatomo\u2010functional study of the temporo\u2010parieto\u2010occipital region: dissection, tractographic and brain mapping evidence from a neurosurgical perspective"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"225","author":[{"given":"Alessandro","family":"De Benedictis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Unit Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital IRCCS Roma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugues","family":"Duffau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery H\u00f4pital Gui de Chauliac CHU Montpellier Montpellier France"},{"name":"Team \u2018Plasticity of Central Nervous System Stem Cells and Glial Tumors' INSERM U1051 Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier H\u00f4pital Saint Eloi Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Paradiso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Human Anatomical, Histological and Cytological Pathology Department of Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine \u2018S. 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Anna\u2019 University\u2010 Hospital Ferrara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enzo","family":"Colarusso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery Department of Neurosciences \u2018S. Chiara\u2019 Hospital Trento Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Chioffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery Department of Neurosciences \u2018S. 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