{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T17:33:19Z","timestamp":1760549599701,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,2]],"date-time":"2014-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["FIS07-0451"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIS07-0451"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Changes that occur in astroglial populations of the nucleus ambiguus after recurrent (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RLN<\/jats:styled-content>) or superior (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLN<\/jats:styled-content>) laryngeal nerve injury have hitherto not been fully characterised. In the present study, rat <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RLN<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLN<\/jats:styled-content> were lesioned. After 3, 7, 14, 28 or 56\u00a0days of survival, the nucleus ambiguus was investigated by means of glial fibrillary acidic protein (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFAP<\/jats:styled-content>) immunofluorescence or a combination of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFAP<\/jats:styled-content> immunofluorescence and the application of retrograde tracers. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFAP<\/jats:styled-content> immunoreactivity was significantly increased 3\u00a0days after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RLN<\/jats:styled-content> resection and it remained significantly elevated until after 28\u00a0days post injury (dpi). By 56\u00a0dpi it had returned to basal levels. In contrast, following <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RLN<\/jats:styled-content> transection with repair, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFAP<\/jats:styled-content> immunoreactivity was significantly elevated at 7\u00a0dpi and remained significantly elevated until 14\u00a0dpi. It had returned to basal levels by 28\u00a0dpi. Topographical analysis of the distribution of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFAP<\/jats:styled-content> immunoreactivity revealed that after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RLN<\/jats:styled-content> injury, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFAP<\/jats:styled-content> immunoreactivity was increased beyond the area of the nucleus ambiguus within which <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RLN<\/jats:styled-content> motor neuron somata were located. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFAP<\/jats:styled-content> immunoreactivity was also observed in the vicinity of neuronal somata that project into the uninjured <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLN<\/jats:styled-content>. Similarly, lesion of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLN<\/jats:styled-content> resulted in increased <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFAP<\/jats:styled-content> immunoreactivity around the neuronal somata projecting into it and also in the vicinity of the motor neuron somata projecting into the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RLN<\/jats:styled-content>. The increase in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFAP<\/jats:styled-content> immunoreactivity outside of the region containing the motor neurons projecting into the injured nerve, may reflect the onset of a regenerative process attempting to compensate for impairment of one of the laryngeal nerves and may occur because of the dual innervation of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle. This dual innervation of a very specialised muscle could provide a useful model system for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying axonal regeneration process and the results of the current study could provide the basis for studies into functional regeneration following laryngeal nerve injury, with subsequent application to humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,2]],"date-time":"2014-09-02T13:14:08Z","timestamp":1409663648000},"page":"492-501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["<scp>GFAP<\/scp> immunoreactivity within the rat nucleus ambiguus after laryngeal nerve injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"225","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Berdugo\u2010Vega","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology I School of Medicine Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Arias\u2010Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology I School of Medicine Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Rodriguez\u2010Niedenf\u00fchr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology I School of Medicine Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. C.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Anatomy Unit Department of Surgery and Cancer Imperial College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology I School of Medicine Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Pascual\u2010Font","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology I School of Medicine Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14748\/bmr.v3.200"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902620408"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880181214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(88)90585-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00181967"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.22643"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.22877"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24759"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21124"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000161362.43320.b2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02813-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00179953"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01526185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8069-6-79"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2006.23.1857"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1997.tb01499.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-6519(08)73287-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2011.01390.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(93)90208-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199401120-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489409126055"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(00)00079-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4886(03)00339-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.440010502"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2008.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(97)00012-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/373341a0"}],"container-title":["Journal of Anatomy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjoa.12231","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjoa.12231","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/joa.12231","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T07:07:36Z","timestamp":1696230456000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/joa.12231"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,2]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/joa.12231"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joa.12231","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8782","1469-7580"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0021-8782"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1469-7580"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-07-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-09-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}