{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:34:48Z","timestamp":1790706888591,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,24]],"date-time":"2014-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences of The Royal Veterinary College"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000270","name":"Natural Environment Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NE\/K004751\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NE\/K004751\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Crocodiles and their kin (Crocodylidae) use asymmetrical (bounding and galloping) gaits when moving rapidly. Despite being morphologically and ecologically similar, it seems alligators and their kin (Alligatoridae) do not. To investigate a possible anatomical basis for this apparent major difference in locomotor capabilities, we measured relative masses and internal architecture (fascicle lengths and physiological cross\u2010sectional areas) of muscles of the pectoral and pelvic limbs of 40 individuals from six representative species of Crocodylidae and Alligatoridae. We found that, relative to body mass, Crocodylidae have significantly longer muscle fascicles (increased working range), particularly in the pectoral limb, and generally smaller muscle physiological cross\u2010sectional areas (decreased force\u2010exerting capability) than Alligatoridae. We therefore hypothesise that the ability of some crocodylians to use asymmetrical gaits may be limited more by the ability to make large, rapid limb motions (especially in the pectoral limb) than the ability to exert large limb forces. Furthermore, analysis of scaling patterns in muscle properties shows that limb anatomy in the two clades becomes more divergent during ontogeny. Limb muscle masses, fascicle lengths and physiological cross\u2010sectional areas scale with significantly larger coefficients in Crocodylidae than Alligatoridae. This combination of factors suggests that inter\u2010clade disparity in maximal limb power is highest in adult animals. Therefore, despite their apparent morphological similarities, both mean values and scaling patterns suggest that considerable diversity exists in the locomotor apparatus of extant Crocodylia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,24]],"date-time":"2014-11-24T01:55:00Z","timestamp":1416794100000},"page":"569-582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Comparative architectural properties of limb muscles in\n                    <scp>C<\/scp>\n                    rocodylidae and\n                    <scp>A<\/scp>\n                    lligatoridae and their relevance to divergent use of asymmetrical gaits in extant\n                    <scp>C<\/scp>\n                    rocodylia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"225","author":[{"given":"Vivian","family":"Allen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Structure &amp; Motion Lab Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences The Royal Veterinary College Hatfield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Molnar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Structure &amp; Motion Lab Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences The Royal Veterinary College Hatfield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Structure &amp; Motion Lab Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences The Royal Veterinary College Hatfield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Pollard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Structure &amp; Motion Lab Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences The Royal Veterinary College Hatfield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Structure &amp; Motion Lab 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