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The steps in palate formation in humans take place between the 7th and 12th week and consist of outgrowth of palatal shelves from the paired maxillary prominences, reorientation of the shelves from vertical to horizontal, apposition of the medial surfaces, formation of a bilayered seam, degradation of the seam and bridging of mesenchyme. However, in the soft palate, the mechanism of closure is unclear. In previous studies it is possible to find support for both fusion and the alternative mechanism of merging. Here we densely sample the late embryonic\u2010early fetal period between 54 and 74\u00a0days post\u2010conception to determine the timing and mechanism of soft palate closure. We found the epithelial seam extends throughout the soft palates of 57\u2010day specimens. Cytokeratin antibody staining detected the medial edge epithelium and distinguished clearly that cells in the midline retained their epithelial character. Compared with the hard palate, the epithelium is more rapidly degraded in the soft palate and only persists in the most posterior regions at 64\u00a0days. Our results are consistent with the soft palate following a developmentally more rapid program of fusion than the hard palate. Importantly, the two regions of the palate appear to be independently regulated and have their own internal clocks regulating the timing of seam removal. Considering data from human genetic and mouse studies, distinct anterior\u2010posterior signaling mechanisms are likely to be at play in the human fetal palate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,24]],"date-time":"2015-08-24T09:44:59Z","timestamp":1440409499000},"page":"474-486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Analysis of human soft palate morphogenesis supports regional regulation of palatal fusion"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"227","author":[{"given":"Adrian","family":"Danescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry Life Sciences Institute University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Mattson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry Life Sciences Institute University of British Columbia 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