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Here, I tested the validity of the proposed trophic ecomorphological traits in crocodylians by examining the correlation between those traits and the snout shape (an established trophic ecomorphology), using 10 non\u2010alligatoroid crocodylian species with a wide range of snout shape. I then compared the ontogenetic scaling of trophic ecomorphology to discuss its adaptive and taxonomic significance. The results demonstrated that degree of heterodonty, tooth spacing, size of supratemporal fenestra (STF), ventral extension of pterygoid flange and length of lower jaw symphysis are significantly correlated with snout shape by both non\u2010phylogenetic and phylogenetic regression analyses.<jats:italic>Gavialis gangeticus<\/jats:italic>falls outside of 95% prediction intervals for the relationships of some traits and the snout shape, suggesting that piscivorous specialization involves the deviation from the typical transformation axis of skull characters. The comparative snout shape ontogeny revealed a universal trend of snout widening through growth in the sampled crocodylians, implying the existence of a shared size\u2010dependent biomechanical constraint in non\u2010alligatoroid crocodylians. Growth patterns of other traits indicated that<jats:italic>G.\u00a0gangeticus<\/jats:italic>shows atypical trends for degree of heterodonty, size of STF, and symphysis length, whereas the same trends are shared for tooth spacing and ventral extension of pterygoid flange among non\u2010alligatoroid crocodylians. These suggest that some characters are ontogenetically labile in response to prey preference shifts through growth, but other characters are in keeping with the conserved biomechanics among non\u2010alligatoroid crocodylians. Some important taxonomic characters such as the occlusal pattern are likely correlated with ontogeny and trophic ecomorphology rather than are constrained by phylogenetic relationships, and careful reassessment of such characters might be necessary for better reconstructing the morphological phylogeny of crocodylians.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.12626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,18]],"date-time":"2017-05-18T07:14:25Z","timestamp":1495091665000},"page":"192-211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Assessment of trophic ecomorphology in non\u2010alligatoroid crocodylians and its adaptive and taxonomic implications"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"231","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2701-0391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaya","family":"Iijima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural History Sciences Hokkaido 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