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It is important to find objective and repeatable measures of severity and surgical outcome to examine the effect of timing and technique on different <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCS<\/jats:styled-content> surgeries. The purpose of this study was to develop statistical models of infant (0\u20136\u00a0months old) skull growth in both normative and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCS<\/jats:styled-content> subjects (prior to surgery). Our goal was to apply these models to the assessment of differences between these two groups in overall post\u2010natal growth patterns and sutural growth rates as a first step to develop methods for predictive models of surgical outcome. We identified 81 patients with isolated, non\u2010syndromic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCS<\/jats:styled-content> from Seattle Children's Craniofacial Center patient database who had a preoperative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> exam before the age of 6\u00a0months. As a control group, we identified 117 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> exams without any craniofacial abnormalities or bone fractures in the same age group. We first created population\u2010level templates from the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> images of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCS<\/jats:styled-content> and normal groups. All <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> images from both groups, as well as the canonical templates of both cohorts, were annotated with anatomical landmarks, which were used in a growth model that predicted the locations of these landmarks at a given age based on each population. Using the template images and the landmark positions predicted by the growth models, we created 3D meshes for each week of age up to 6\u00a0months for both populations. To analyze the growth patterns at the suture sites, we annotated both templates with additional semi\u2010landmarks equally spaced along the metopic, coronal, sagittal and lambdoidal cranial sutures. By transferring these semi\u2010landmarks to meshes produced from the growth model, we measured the displacement of the bone borders and suture closure rates. We found that the growth at the metopic and coronal sutures were more rapid in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCS<\/jats:styled-content> cohort than in the normal cohort. The antero\u2010posterior displacement of the semi\u2010landmarks also indicated a more rapid growth in the sagittal plane in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCS<\/jats:styled-content> model than in the normal model. Statistical templates and geometric morphometrics are promising tools for understanding the growth patterns in normal and synostotic populations and to produce objective and reproducible measurements of severity and outcome. Our study is the first of its kind to quantify the bone growth for the first 6\u00a0months of life in both normal and sagittal synostosis patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]],"date-time":"2019-11-06T10:02:54Z","timestamp":1573034574000},"page":"105-116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Cranial growth in isolated sagittal craniosynostosis compared with normal growth in the first 6 months of age"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"236","author":[{"given":"Ezgi","family":"Mercan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Craniofacial Center Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Hopper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Craniofacial Center Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle WA USA"},{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery Department of Surgery University of Washington Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7921-9018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. 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