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This mechanism adapts the spatial distribution of the mineralized tissue to resist compression, bending and torsion. Among vertebrates, anurans represent an excellent group to study long bone properties because they vary widely in locomotor modes and habitat use, which enforce different skeletal loadings. In this study, we hypothesized that (a) the cortical bone mass, density and design of anuran femur and tibiofibula would reflect the mechanical influences of the different locomotor modes and habitat use, and (b) the relationships between the architectural efficiency of cortical design (cross\u2010sectional moments of inertia) and the intrinsic stiffness of cortical tissue [cortical mineral density; the 'distribution\/quality' (d\/q) relationship] would describe some inter\u2010specific differences in the efficiency of the bone mechanostat to improve bone design under different mechanical loads. To test this hypothesis, we determined tomographic (peripheral quantitative computed tomography) indicators of bone mass, mineralization, and design along the femur and tibiofibula of four anuran species with different modes of locomotion and use of habitat. We found inter\u2010specific differences in all measures between the distal and proximal ends and mid\u2010diaphysis of the bones. In general, terrestrial\u2010hopper species had the highest values. Arboreal\u2010walker species had the lowest values for all variables except for cortical bone mineral density, which was lowest in aquatic\u2010swimmer species. The d\/q relationships showed similar responses of bone modeling as a function of cortical stiffness for aquatic and arboreal species, whereas terrestrial\u2010hoppers had higher values for moments of inertia regardless of the tissue compliance to be deformed. These results provide new evidence regarding the significant role of movement and habitat use in addition to the biomechanical properties of long bones within a morpho\u2010functional and comparative context in anuran species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]],"date-time":"2020-02-13T05:15:10Z","timestamp":1581570910000},"page":"1112-1125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Biomechanical properties of anuran long bones: correlations with locomotor modes and habitat use"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"236","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0988-1345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam Corina","family":"Vera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Gen\u00e9tica Evolutiva Instituto de Biolog\u00eda Subtropical Universidad Nacional de Misiones\u2010CONICET Misiones Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Ferretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Estudios de Metabolismo Fosfoc\u00e1lcico Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas Universidad Nacional de Rosario\u2010CONICET Santa Fe Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4615-5011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Abdala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C\u00e1tedra de Biolog\u00eda General Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML Universidad Nacional de Tucum\u00e1n Tucum\u00e1n Argentina"},{"name":"Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical Universidad Nacional de Tucum\u00e1n\u2010CONICET Tucum\u00e1n Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo Roberto","family":"Cointry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Estudios de Metabolismo Fosfoc\u00e1lcico Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas Universidad Nacional de Rosario\u2010CONICET Santa Fe Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180357"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/pes.2017-0008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.121715"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1995.tb02321.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pep.0000200952.63544.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3387","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.202.23.3387","article-title":"Dynamics of muscle function during locomotion: accommodating variable conditions","volume":"23","author":"Biewener A.A.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00298502"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.202.9.1023","article-title":"In vivo locomotor strain in the hindlimb bones of Alligator mississippiensis and Iguana iguana: implications for the evolution of limb bone safety factor and non\u2010sprawling limb posture","volume":"202","author":"Blob R.W.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.204.6.1099"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.10461"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/vzoo-2014-0027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.012989"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.018986"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1973.tb05341.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1998.tb01298.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03026320"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2012.12.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"The pQCT \u201cBone Strength Indices\u201d(BSIs, SSI). 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