{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]],"date-time":"2026-01-04T02:38:03Z","timestamp":1767494283559,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP18K07876"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18K07876"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Morphometric analyses in the early foetal phase (9\u201013 postconceptional week) are critical for evaluating normal brain growth. In this study, we assessed sequential morphological and morphometric changes in the foetal brain during this period using high\u2010resolution T1\u2010weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 21 samples preserved at Kyoto University. MRI sectional views (coronal, mid\u2010sagittal, and horizontal sections) and 3D reconstructions of the whole brain revealed sequential changes in its external morphology and internal structures. The cerebrum's gross external view, lateral ventricle and choroid plexus, cerebral wall, basal ganglia and thalamus, and corpus callosum were assessed. The development of the cerebral cortex, white matter microstructure, and basal ganglia can be well\u2010characterized using MRI scans. The insula became apparent and deeply impressed as brain growth progressed. A thick, densely packed cellular ventricular\/subventricular zone and ganglionic eminence became apparent at high signal intensity. We detected the emergence of important landmarks which may be candidates in the subdivision processes during the early foetal period; the corpus callosum was first detected in the sample with crown\u2010rump length (CRL) 62\u00a0mm. A primary sulcus on the medial part of the cortex (cingulate sulcus) was observed in the sample with CRL 114\u00a0mm. In the cerebellum, the hemispheres, posterolateral fissure, union of the cerebellar halves, and definition of the vermis were observed in the sample with CRL 43.5\u00a0mm, alongside the appearance of a primary fissure in the sample with CRL 56\u00a0mm and the prepyramidal fissure in the sample with CRL 75\u00a0mm. The volumetric, linear, and angle measurements revealed the comprehensive and regional development, growth, and differentiation of brain structures during the early foetal phase. The early foetal period was neither morphologically nor morphometrically uniform. The cerebral proportion (length\/height) and the angle of cerebrum to the standard line at the lateral view of the cerebrum, which may reflect the growth and C\u2010shape formation of the cerebrum, may be a candidate for subdividing the early foetal period. Future precise analyses must establish a staging system for the brain during the early foetal period. This study provides insights into brain structure, allowing for a correlation with functional maturation and facilitating the early detection of brain damage and abnormal development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T07:51:32Z","timestamp":1616485892000},"page":"498-516","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Morphology and morphometry of the human early foetal brain: A three\u2010dimensional analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"239","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9660-9384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Takakuwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Health Science Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Shiraishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Health Science Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Terashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Health Science Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miki","family":"Yamanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Health Science Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ikue","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Health Science Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirohiko","family":"Imai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Science Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Ishizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Health Science Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8194-6927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shigehito","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Health Science Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"},{"name":"Congenital Anomaly Research Center Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aoi","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Health Science Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Kanahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Health Science Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420003277"},{"volume-title":"The embryonic examination. 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