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Although the rat has been used as a model species to study gastric function, there is no detailed, quantitative study of the arrangement of the gastric muscles in rat. Here we provide a descriptive and quantitative account, and compare it with human gastric anatomy. The rat stomach has three components of the muscularis externa, a longitudinal coat, a circular coat and an internal oblique (sling) muscle in the region of the gastro\u2013oesophageal junction. These layers are similar to human. Unlike human, the rat stomach is also equipped with paired muscular oesophago\u2010pyloric ligaments that lie external to the longitudinal muscle. There is a prominent muscularis mucosae throughout the stomach and strands of smooth muscle occur in the mucosa, between the glands of the corpus and antrum. The striated muscle of the oesophageal wall reaches to the stomach, unlike the human, in which the wall of the distal oesophagus is smooth muscle. Thus, the continuity of gastric and oesophageal smooth muscle bundles, that occurs in human, does not occur in rat. Circular muscle bundles extend around the circumference of the stomach, in the fundus forming a cap of parallel muscle bundles. This arrangement favours co\u2010ordinated circumferential contractions. Small bands of muscle make connections between the circular muscle bundles. This is consistent with a slower conduction of excitation orthogonal to the circular muscle bundles, across the corpus towards the distal antrum. The oblique muscle merged and became continuous with the circular muscle close to the gastro\u2013oesophageal junction at the base of the fundus, and in the corpus, lateral to the lesser curvature. Quantitation of muscle thickness revealed gradients of thickness of both the longitudinal and circular muscle. This anatomical study provides essential data for interpreting gastric movements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,7]],"date-time":"2021-11-07T23:43:33Z","timestamp":1636328613000},"page":"711-723","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Organisation of the musculature of the rat stomach"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"240","author":[{"given":"Madeleine R.","family":"Di Natale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy &amp; Physiology University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Patten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan C.","family":"Molero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy &amp; Physiology University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin J.","family":"Stebbing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy &amp; Physiology University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Billie","family":"Hunne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy &amp; Physiology University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaokai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0219-3438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John B.","family":"Furness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy &amp; 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