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The early representatives of this clade were, however, relatively small and partially to totally bipedal, conversely to the gigantic and quadrupedal sauropods. Although the sauropod bauplan is well defined, notably by the acquisition of columnar limbs, the evolutionary sequence leading to its emergence remains debated. Here, we aim to tackle this evolutionary episode by investigating shape variation in the six limb long bones for the first time using three\u2010dimensional geometric morphometrics. The morphological features of the forelimb zeugopod bones related to the sauropod bauplan tend to appear abruptly, whereas the pattern is more gradual for the hindlimb zeugopod bones. The stylopod bones tend to show the same pattern as their respective zeugopods. The abrupt emergence of the sauropod forelimb questions the locomotor abilities of non\u2010sauropodan sauropodomorphs inferred as quadrupeds. Features characterizing sauropods tend to corroborate a view of their locomotion mainly based on stylopod retraction. An allometric investigation of the shape variation in accordance with size highlight differences in hindlimb bone allometries between the sauropods and the non\u2010sauropodan sauropodomorphs. These differences notably correspond to an unexpected robustness decrease trend in the sauropod hindlimb zeugopod. In addition to forelimb bones that appear to be proportionally more gracile than in non\u2010sauropodan sauropodomorphs, sauropods may have relied on limb architecture and features related to the size increase, rather than general robustness, to deal with the role of weight\u2010bearing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,6]],"date-time":"2022-03-06T13:00:25Z","timestamp":1646571625000},"page":"297-336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["A path to gigantism: Three\u2010dimensional study of the sauropodomorph limb long bone shape variation in the context of the emergence of the sauropod bauplan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"241","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4388-6852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u00e9mi","family":"Lefebvre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"M\u00e9canismes Adaptatifs et \u00c9volution, UMR 7179, MNHN, CNRS Mus\u00e9um National d'Histoire Naturelle  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8789-5545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Houssaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M\u00e9canismes Adaptatifs et \u00c9volution, UMR 7179, MNHN, CNRS Mus\u00e9um National d'Histoire Naturelle  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heinrich","family":"Mallison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CeNak Hamburg  Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Palaeo3D  Rain Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Cornette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Syst\u00e9matique, \u00c9volution, Biodiversit\u00e9, UMR7205, MNHN, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA Mus\u00e9um National d'Histoire Naturelle  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronan","family":"Allain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Pal\u00e9ontologie \u2013 Paris, UMR 7207, MNHN, CNRS, SU Mus\u00e9um National d'Histoire Naturelle  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Geomagic wrap","author":"3D Systems","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"AdamsD.C. 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