{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:34:58Z","timestamp":1790836498908,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]],"date-time":"2022-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence and complexity of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the West of Scotland are high with the aortic arch and abdominal aorta, particularly at increased risk of cardiovascular pathology. Stent deployment can be key in preventing further cardiovascular events, however, current stent design does not account for complex advanced CVD in these areas. This cadaveric study aimed to provide anatomical measurements requested by manufacturers to improve stent design and deployment in this target population. Nine cadavers (six females and three males; age range\u00a0=\u00a082.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a010.4\u00a0years) from the West of Scotland were dissected to expose the aortic arch and abdominal aorta. Digital callipers and protractors were used to collect data on vessel diameters (including taper), branch spacing, angles and presence of collaterals. CVD was present in all cadavers and ranged from mild plaque presence to aortic dissections. One possessed a bovine aortic arch variation. Supra\u2010aortic vessels were approximately equally spaced, but the left common carotid had the most acute branching angle. Angulation of the arch from the coronal plane positively correlated with a deviation of the left subclavian artery (LSA) from the sternal midline (Spearman's coefficient <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.82, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01) which may impact surgical access. The origin of the vertebral artery on the LSA was also highly variable. The diameter of the descending aorta decreased along its length from the aortic hiatus to superior mesenteric by 21\u00a0\u00b1\u00a010% indicating a high degree of taper. The artery of Adamkiewicz was present in 33% and additional renal collaterals were present in 22%. 66% had tortuous vessels in the abdominal region. These results highlight the need for more data to aid the refinement of stent\u2010graft design and deployment methods to ensure successful surgical intervention in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]],"date-time":"2022-03-18T03:46:50Z","timestamp":1647575210000},"page":"112-120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Anatomical variation of the aorta in the West of Scotland \u2013 A population with high cardiovascular disease burden. Implications for stent design and deployment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"242","author":[{"given":"Hazel","family":"Allardyce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine, Dentistry and Life Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Medical Sciences &amp; Nutrition University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences  Aberdeen UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellis","family":"Shepherd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine, Dentistry and Life Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3826-9956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma L.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine, Dentistry and Life Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2014.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"Heart and circulatory disease statistics 2021","author":"BHF","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2016.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"Cunningham's manual of practical anatomy","author":"Cunningham D.J.R.G.J.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt.2017.09.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2009.02205.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2001.109764"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000335123"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017160033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.5896"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"72","article-title":"Anatomical variations in aortic arch branching pattern","volume":"19","author":"Jalali Kondori B.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Iran Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"463","article-title":"The diameters of the aorta and its major branches in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia","volume":"33","author":"Kahraman H.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322011000100030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951113000656"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.115.004038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Analysis of anatomical variations of the main arteries branching from the abdominal aorta, with 64\u2010detector computed tomography","volume":"75","author":"Kornafel O.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pol J Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/969728"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/arsm-2013-0027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2016.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2010.03.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-017-1729-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tria.2021.100122"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5115\/acb.2012.45.3.203"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2012.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-005-0026-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2069.52802"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2017.06.097"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","volume-title":"Heart disease: Public Health Scotland","author":"Public Health Scotland","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-009351"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2008.44.2.78"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","first-page":"321","article-title":"Abdominal aorta and its branches: morphometry\u2014variations in autopsy cases","volume":"7","author":"Song\u00fcr A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Gen Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1583\/09-2734.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-019-02207-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2017-000680"}],"container-title":["Journal of Anatomy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/joa.13652","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/joa.13652","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/joa.13652","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T14:59:32Z","timestamp":1692543572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/joa.13652"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/joa.13652"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joa.13652","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8782","1469-7580"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-8782","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7580","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-11-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-28","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}