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But the exact patterns of between\u2010sex differences during the first years of life remain obscure despite the importance of these data for craniofacial surgery treatment and forensic studies. Our study employs a large dataset of clinical computed tomography scans of individuals of East Slavonic descent from birth to 5\u2009years of age (247 males and 184 females) to address the pattern of age\u2010related between\u2010sex differences in 22 linear measurements of the mid\u2010face. At birth, SD of most dimensions is low, but it increases significantly during the first year of life. The level of SD of most variables fluctuates in both directions during the second year and peaks during the third and fourth years of life. During the sixth year, SD of about half of the variables markedly decreases. In adults, SD of all variables increases, but to a very different extent: from 2% to 13%. Most sexually dimorphic features of the facial skeleton begin to develop early in postnatal ontogeny and then may or may not become accentuated during puberty. Importantly, the patterns of age changes in the level of SD differ strongly between various dimensions, and so cannot be expressed by a single value for the whole face. Additionally, the level of SD for a particular variable is not ontogenetically stable during the first years of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,8]],"date-time":"2022-10-08T09:35:01Z","timestamp":1665221701000},"page":"132-145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Sexual dimorphism in human midfacial growth patterns from newborn to 5\u2009years old based on computed tomography"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"242","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6222-4929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taisiya","family":"Syutkina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Ecology The Russian Academy of Sciences N.N. 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