{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T13:32:56Z","timestamp":1767965576073,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are a number of inconsistencies in the description of the bends of the colon down to the anus. This is historically based on the fact that anatomists saw the colon in its position in the abdominal cavity down to the pelvis and thus from the \u201coutside\u201d and also described it in this way. This view is still useful in clinical practice today (e.g. for the abdominal surgeons). For the greater part of clinicians, however, the view has shifted due to modern endoscopy. This allows examiners to see the terminal section of the intestine and the colon from the \u201cinside\u201d. To accommodate both \u201cways of looking\u201d in terms of modern medicine, we have been guided by today's clinical needs, and here we attempt to reconcile these with the historically evolved anatomical terms to create a nomenclature that meets all the needs of students, anatomists and clinicians looking at the large intestine from the inside and outside. With this in mind, we propose to speak of colic flexures (right colic flexure\u00a0=\u00a0RCF\u00a0=\u00a0hepatic flexure, <jats:italic>flexura coli sinistra<\/jats:italic>; left colic flexure\u00a0=\u00a0LCF\u00a0=\u00a0splenic flexure, <jats:italic>flexura coli dextra<\/jats:italic>; descending\u2010sigmoid flexure\u00a0=\u00a0DSF; sigmoid\u2010rectum flexure\u00a0=\u00a0SRF) for the colon (<jats:italic>colon<\/jats:italic>). For the rectum (<jats:italic>rectum<\/jats:italic>), we suggest the term bend (superior, intermediate and inferior) when viewed in the frontal plane, the term curvature (sacral curvature; anorectal curvature\u00a0=\u00a0perineal curvature) when viewed in the sagittal plane.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T18:26:17Z","timestamp":1669832777000},"page":"695-700","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["\u201cFlexures and bends of the large intestine: Current terminology and a suggestion to simplify it\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"242","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7450-7993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Slawomir","family":"Wozniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Anatomy Wroclaw Medical University  Wroclaw Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6208-3436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Quondamatteo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland  Dublin 2 Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Friedrich","family":"Paulsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Grant's atlas of anatomy","author":"Agur A.M.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2015.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2012.03.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1743587"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"New terminologia anatomica highlights the importance of clinical anatomy","volume":"79","author":"Chmielewski P.P.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Folia Morphologica (Warszawa)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(16)30026-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-014-1184-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2012.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003251"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.14856"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2009.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","volume-title":"Terminologia anatomica","author":"FCAT","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","unstructured":"FIPAT. 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