{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T07:51:24Z","timestamp":1792569084818,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]],"date-time":"2023-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018617","name":"Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XLYC1907018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XLYC1907018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018617","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Anatomy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The normal stages of embryonic development for wild\u2010type <jats:italic>Xenopus laevis<\/jats:italic> were established by Nieuwkoop and Faber in 1956, a milestone in the history of understanding embryonic development. However, this work lacked photographic images and staining for skeleton structures from the corresponding stages. Here, we provide high\u2010quality images of embryonic morphology and skeleton development to facilitate studies on amphibian development. On the basis of the classical work, we selected the albino mutant of <jats:italic>X. laevis<\/jats:italic> as the observation material to restudy embryonic development in this species. The lower level of pigmentation makes it easier to interpret histochemical experiments. At 23\u00b0C, albino embryos develop at the same rate as wild\u2010type embryos, which can be divided into 66 stages as they develop into adults in about 58\u2009days. We described the complete embryonic development system for <jats:italic>X. laevis<\/jats:italic>, supplemented with pictures of limb and skeleton development that are missing from previous studies, and summarized the characteristics and laws of limb and skeleton development. Our study should aid research into the development of <jats:italic>X. laevis<\/jats:italic> and the evolution of amphibians.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]],"date-time":"2023-01-28T12:24:37Z","timestamp":1674908677000},"page":"1051-1066","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Embryonic and skeletal development of the albino African clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"242","author":[{"given":"Zhixin","family":"Shan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenghua","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0218-8524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shibin","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junpeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yining","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Irwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang 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