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We evaluated its morphological similarities using three\u2010dimensional geometric morphometrics. A principal component analysis, based on a sample of 50 metacarpals representing 38 taxa, including Paleogene terrestrial mammals from Antarctica and South America, as well as extant mammals exhibiting a wide range of terrestrial locomotor habits, was conducted. Additionally, TMM 44190\u20101 was compared with Eocene taxa from Antarctica and South America, including Gondwanatheria, Metatheria (Sparassodonta, Pucadelphyidae, and Didelphimorphia), South American native ungulates (Astrapotheria, Litopterna, Xenungulata, and Notoungulata), and Xenarthra (Cingulata and Pilosa). Both geometric morphometric and qualitative anatomical evidence consistently support the previous assignment of TMM 44190\u20101 to Xenarthra and further allow a more precise taxonomic placement, identifying the specimen as an indeterminate Folivora.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.70245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:26:43Z","timestamp":1791264403000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Taxonomic and ecological assessment of an Antarctic Eocene Folivora (Mammalia) metacarpal using three\u2010dimensional geometric morphometrics"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2633-2965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Quaggia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET)  Godoy Cruz Argentina"},{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n Paleontolog\u00eda de Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata Universidad Nacional de La Plata  La Plata Argentina"},{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La Plata Universidad Nacional de La Plata  La Plata Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9989-5902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier N.","family":"Gelfo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET)  Godoy Cruz Argentina"},{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n Paleontolog\u00eda de Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata Universidad Nacional de La Plata  La Plata Argentina"},{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La Plata Universidad Nacional de La Plata  La Plata Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2614-1448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina Acosta","family":"Hospitaleche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET)  Godoy Cruz Argentina"},{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n Paleontolog\u00eda de Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata Universidad Nacional de La Plata  La Plata Argentina"},{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La Plata Universidad Nacional de La Plata  La Plata Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"Adams D.C. 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