{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T03:59:32Z","timestamp":1789790372215,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,5]],"date-time":"2015-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Seoul R&BD Program","award":["SS100001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SS100001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>For effective skin depigmentation, the skin depigmentation agent must be delivered to melanocytes, where melanin is synthesized. Although dissolving microneedle (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMN<\/jats:styled-content>) is one of the best transdermal drug delivery systems to deliver the active compound, no clinical trial has been conducted in terms of safety and efficacy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMN<\/jats:styled-content> patch that contained 4\u2010n\u2010butylresorcinol, a skin depigmentation agent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the safety assessment, 31 subjects were selected for primary skin irritation test using Frosch &amp; Kligman's method and 50 women for the cumulative irritation test and sensitization potential test using a modification of the Shelanski\u2013Shelanski method. In the efficacy assessment, the 4\u2010n\u2010butylresorcinol <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMN<\/jats:styled-content> patch was compared with a control (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMN<\/jats:styled-content> without 4\u2010n\u2010butylresorcinol) in our double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled study with 45 subjects by measuring two parameters, the melanin index and individual typology angle value, during 8\u00a0weeks of administration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 4\u2010n\u2010butylresorcinol <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMN<\/jats:styled-content> patch was shown to be safe based on the results of the safety assessment and was more than two times effective than the control patch.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 4\u2010n\u2010butylresorcinol <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMN<\/jats:styled-content> patch was effective and safe for skin depigmentation through targeting melanocytes and could be a useful functional cosmetic product.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,5]],"date-time":"2015-09-05T09:40:18Z","timestamp":1441446018000},"page":"16-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["4\u2010n\u2010butylresorcinol dissolving microneedle patch for skin depigmentation: a randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Suyong","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Yonsei University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huisuk","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Yonsei University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miroo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Yonsei University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Hwoon","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermapro Skin Research Center DERMAPRO LTD. Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"So Jeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermapro Skin Research Center DERMAPRO LTD. Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Mi","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermapro Skin Research Center DERMAPRO LTD. Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Sook","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermapro Skin Research Center DERMAPRO LTD. Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ransug","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Airline Service Hoseo University Chungnam Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyungil","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Yonsei University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2007.00226.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1358\/mf.1998.20.2.485637"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms10062440"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms10094066"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-6649rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12544513"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1461-5347(00)00295-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2005.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.12.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"369","article-title":"Microneedle\u2010based vaccines","volume":"333","author":"Prausnitz MR","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2012.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2182"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201001091"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2011.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12051"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2010.22.1.21"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2004.01180.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10915818509078692"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2013.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","unstructured":"Korea Food and Drug Administration Regulations Annex i.Article 7(1) of the Regulations for Functional Cosmetics Ministry of Food and Drug Safety 2014\u201075 Korea 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(79)70001-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","volume-title":"Toiletry and Fragrance Association (CTFA) Inc","author":"The Cosmetic","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"A new technique of human patch tests","volume":"19","author":"Shelanski H","year":"1953","journal-title":"Proc Sci Sec Toilet Goods Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","first-page":"324","article-title":"Experience with and considerations of the human patch test method","volume":"2","author":"Shelanski H","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Soc Cosmet Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12012"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjocd.12178","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjocd.12178","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.12178","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T06:31:06Z","timestamp":1696228266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jocd.12178"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,5]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jocd.12178"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.12178","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-2130","1473-2165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-2130","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,5]]}}}