{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T16:22:01Z","timestamp":1783527721192,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,4]],"date-time":"2016-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of multiple, sequential light and laser sources for topical <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALA<\/jats:styled-content> activation in photodynamic therapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content>) of rosacea has been largely absent from the literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content> for rosacea using blue light sequentially with red light, pulsed\u2010dye laser (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDL<\/jats:styled-content>), and\/or intense pulsed light (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IPL<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients\/Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty patients (39 treatments) were enrolled in this retrospective, single\u2010center study. Treatment groups included blue light + <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDL<\/jats:styled-content>, blue light + <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IPL<\/jats:styled-content>, blue light + <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDL<\/jats:styled-content> + <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IPL<\/jats:styled-content>, or blue light + red light + <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDL<\/jats:styled-content> + <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IPL<\/jats:styled-content>. Patient\u2010reported outcome measures (incidence of adverse events, improvement in rosacea, and improvement in overall skin quality) were obtained via a telephone questionnaire and graded on a 4\u2010point scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no statistically significant difference in patient\u2010reported rosacea or overall skin quality improvement. Apart from decreased peeling following blue light + <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IPL<\/jats:styled-content> compared to blue light + <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDL<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.041) and blue light + <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IPL<\/jats:styled-content> + <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDL<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.005), there were no other statistically significant differences in postprocedure adverse events.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of multiple, sequential light and laser sources with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content> for rosacea, while well tolerated, did not lead to statistically significant improvements in patient\u2010reported efficacy. Although this retrospective study is limited by a small sample size with disparate patient numbers between groups and no physician\u2010evaluated outcome criteria, it does demonstrate that multiple light sources with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content> can be safely used in a single session.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,5]],"date-time":"2016-07-05T04:08:42Z","timestamp":1467691722000},"page":"407-412","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Multiple sequential light and laser sources to activate aminolevulinic acid for rosacea"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Daniel P.","family":"Friedmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Westlake Dermatology Clinical Research Center Westlake Dermatology &amp; Cosmetic Surgery Austin TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchel P.","family":"Goldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Laser Dermatology San Diego CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina G.","family":"Fabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Laser Dermatology San Diego CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Guiha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmetic Laser Dermatology San Diego CA 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