{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T01:45:45Z","timestamp":1783734345044,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,19]],"date-time":"2016-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1474243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004156","name":"Mahidol University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Botulinum toxin type A (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BTA<\/jats:styled-content>) has been approved for the treatment of strabismus, blepharospasm, muscle spasm, cervical dystonia, pain syndrome, glabella wrinkles, and severe primary axillary hyperhidrosis. Intradermal injection of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BTA<\/jats:styled-content> has been used off\u2010label by many clinicians for the purpose of face\u2010lifting effect. Few studies on onabotulinumtoxinA (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ONA<\/jats:styled-content>) demonstrated no clinical efficacy on face\u2010lifting effect when comparing to normal saline solution (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NSS<\/jats:styled-content>). So far, there is no split\u2010face comparison study on face\u2010lifting effect of abobotulinumtoxinA (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABO<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the face\u2010lifting effect of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABO<\/jats:styled-content> intradermal injection and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NSS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010two subjects with symmetrical faces on both facial expression and expressionless were randomly injected with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABO<\/jats:styled-content> at 1:7 cc dilution (500 unit or one vial in 7 cc of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NSS<\/jats:styled-content>) on one side and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NSS<\/jats:styled-content> on the other side using intradermal injection technique. Standardized photographic documentation was obtained at baseline, and at 2 weeks after treatment. The face\u2010lifting effect was graded by two blinded dermatologists using photographic comparison and rated by the patients. Side effects were also recorded at the end of the study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Face\u2010lifting effect was demonstrated in 40.9% and 4.5% of patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABO<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NSS<\/jats:styled-content>, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in face\u2010lifting effect when comparing between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABO<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NSS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.021). The face\u2010lifting was reported in 50.0% of patients receiving <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABO<\/jats:styled-content> injection. The patients with oval\u2010face shape tended to respond better with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABO<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.046). The odd of face\u2010lifting effect for patients aged younger than 32 was higher than patients aged older than 32 with the odds ratio of 7.9 and 95% confidence interval of 1.1\u201356.1. Facial asymmetry was found in 22.7% of subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrated the face\u2010lifting effect of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABO<\/jats:styled-content> intradermal injection. Patients with oval\u2010face shape and aged younger than 32 tended to respond better. Therefore, patient selection should be emphasized to improve efficacy of this technique.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,20]],"date-time":"2016-09-20T04:36:40Z","timestamp":1474346200000},"page":"452-457","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The comparison between intradermal injection of abobotulinumtoxinA and normal saline for face\u2010lifting: a split\u2010face randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3926-2193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rungsima","family":"Wanitphakdeedecha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanida","family":"Ungaksornpairote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Faculty of 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