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The role of the solar spectrum, comprised of ultraviolet light, specifically <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content> (290\u2010320\u00a0nm) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVA<\/jats:styled-content> (320\u2010400) in causing skin damage, including skin cancers, has been well documented. In recent years, the contribution of visible light (400\u2010700\u00a0nm) and infrared radiation (above 800\u00a0nm) in causing skin damage, similar to the photodamage caused by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> light, is also being elucidated. In addition, other atmospheric factors such as air pollution (smog, ozone, particulate matter, etc.) have been implicated in premature skin aging. The skin damage caused by environmental exposure is largely attributable to a complex cascade of reactions inside the skin initiated by the generation of reactive oxygen species (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROS<\/jats:styled-content>), which causes oxidative damage to cellular components such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. These damaged skin cells initiate inflammatory responses leading to the eventual damage manifested in chronically exposed skin. Novel therapeutic strategies to combat <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROS<\/jats:styled-content> species generation are being developed to prevent the skin damage caused by atmospheric factors. In addition to protecting skin from solar radiation using sunscreens, other approaches using topically applied ingredients, particularly antioxidants that penetrate the skin and protect the skin from within, have also been well documented. This review summarizes current knowledge of atmospheric aggressors, including <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVA<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> UVB<\/jats:styled-content>, visible light, infrared radiation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IR<\/jats:styled-content>), and ozone on skin damage, and proposes new avenues for future research in the prevention and treatment of premature skin aging caused by such atmospheric factors. New therapeutic modalities currently being developed are also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]],"date-time":"2018-04-06T03:21:49Z","timestamp":1522984909000},"page":"124-137","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":150,"title":["Atmospheric skin aging\u2014Contributors and inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7595-5456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"McDaniel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McDaniel Laser and Cosmetic Center and McDaniel Institute of Anti\u2010Aging Research Virginia Beach VA USA"},{"name":"Hampton University Skin of Color Research Institute Hampton VA USA"},{"name":"School of Science Hampton University Hampton VA USA"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Old Dominion University Norfolk VA 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