{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:09:31Z","timestamp":1790708971868,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]],"date-time":"2018-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n The present investigation was aimed to find out the sun protection factor (\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and antioxidant potential of geranium essential oil (\n GEO<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and calendula essential oil (\n CEO<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) because having a combination of these two properties moves up the oils as an active ingredient of various cosmeceutical formulations for their preventive and protective properties. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of\n Pelargonium graveolens<\/jats:italic>\n leaves (\n GEO<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and\n Calendula officinalis<\/jats:italic>\n flowers (\n CEO<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). The composition and identification of chemical constituents of oils were determined by\n GCMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n analysis. Free radical scavenging activity was measured by nitric oxide scavenging activity and 1,1\u2010diphenyl\u20102\u2010picrylhydrazyl (\n DPPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) radical scavenging activity. It was observed that both\n GEO<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n CEO<\/jats:styled-content>\n have the potential to reduce or prevent oxidative stress and can be used in skin care regimen to slow down skin aging via its antioxidant properties. In vitro\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n was determined by a very simple and rapid spectroscopic method.\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n value of\n GEO<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n CEO<\/jats:styled-content>\n was found to 6.45 and 8.36, respectively. The\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n of\n CEO<\/jats:styled-content>\n was higher than\n GEO<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and the results of\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n show that these essential oils can be employed in sunscreen formulations to protect the skin from sunburn. From the results, it can be concluded that the combined antioxidant and\n SPF<\/jats:styled-content>\n property of\n GEO<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n CEO<\/jats:styled-content>\n can provide synergistic photoprotective effect or lift up the additional value of the cosmeceutical formulation.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]],"date-time":"2018-09-24T23:37:48Z","timestamp":1537832268000},"page":"550-557","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Cosmeceutical potential of geranium and calendula essential oil: Determination of antioxidant activity and in vitro sun protection factor"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2580-7524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alka","family":"Lohani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy IFTM University Moradabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun Kumar","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy IFTM University Moradabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anurag","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy IFTM University Moradabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"170","article-title":"Herbal cosmetics and cosmeceuticals: an overview","volume":"3","author":"Joshi LS","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Prod Chem Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0304324"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/497606"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/12030576"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2009.11.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules200916723"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Antibacterial and antifungal properties of essential oil components","volume":"3","author":"Knobloch K","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Essent Oil Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02029329"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10412905.2015.1093556"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2016.01.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"550","article-title":"Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oil from leaves and rhizomes of Curcuma angustifolia Roxb","volume":"7","author":"Jena S","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Prod Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjtb.2015.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/930164"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10915810290096513"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2012.2588"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Protection against exposure to ultraviolet radiation;1995."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","unstructured":"NTP (National Toxicology Program).Report on Carcinogens 14th edn.Research Triangle Park NC:US Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Service;2016.https:\/\/ntp.niehs.nih.gov\/pubhealth\/roc\/listings\/u\/uv\/summary\/index.html. 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