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While 17\u03b2\u2010estradiol is the most potent sex steroid hormone in the body and has almost equal affinity for estrogen receptor (ER) alpha (\u03b1) and beta (\u03b2), there appears to be specific ER\u2010mediated effects on scalp hair follicles\/growth, etc. Additionally, the newly discovered G protein\u2010coupled estrogen receptor (GPR30 or GPER) and the orphan receptor, estrogen\u2010related receptor (ERR) gamma (\u03b3), in skin and other tissue sites have potential impacts of how estrogens via these receptors may alter scalp hair characteristics, but this remains to be elucidated. Conversely, the negative impact of the 5\u03b1\u2010reductase enzyme and its steroid product, 5\u03b1\u2010dihydrotestosterone, on scalp hair growth is clear. Less clear is how 17\u03b2\u2010estradiol is stimulatory in some scalp hair studies, but inhibitory in others. This brief summary examines the potential influences of steroidogenesis via aromatase (estrogen biosynthesis) and 5\u03b1\u2010reductase expression, their enzyme activities, and steroid products along with the concepts of how steroid acute regulatory protein (StAR) and estrone sulfate may be involved in the complex hormonal, cellular\/molecular signaling cascade of the hair follicle in growth and cycling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,16]],"date-time":"2019-02-16T03:24:06Z","timestamp":1550287446000},"page":"1860-1865","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Human scalp hair: Modulation by various factors and hormones do estrogens inhibit or stimulate\u2014A perplexing perspective"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2027-9187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edwin D.","family":"Lephart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology and The Neuroscience Center, College of Life Science Brigham Young University Provo Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12362437"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1995.tb08630.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"543","article-title":"Hair follicle growth controls. 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