{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T03:47:11Z","timestamp":1790567231057,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,13]],"date-time":"2019-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Program for Innovative Research Team, the Ministry of Education of China","award":["IRT17-R49"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IRT17-R49"]}]},{"name":"Major science and technology projects in Yunnan Province China","award":["2018ZF005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018ZF005"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Leadership Talent Project in Yunnan China","award":["2017HA010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017HA010"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Melasma is an acquired, common hyperpigmented disorder on the face. While many therapeutic approaches are available, their efficacy is moderate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the safety and efficacy of a cream containing herbal mixture for melasma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 90 volunteers with melasma were enrolled in this randomized, double\u2010blind, controlled clinical study, and they were randomly divided into three groups (A, B, and C). Patients in group A were treated with a cream containing herbal mixture, while groups B and C were treated with arbutin cream and placebo, respectively, twice daily for 12\u00a0weeks. Melasma area and severity index (MASI) score, melanin index (MI), erythema index (EI), changes in density of inflammatory cells, and adverse events were evaluated every 4\u00a0weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although MASI scores declined significantly in both groups A and B (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05), a greater reduction was seen in group A (13.00\u22129.82\u00a0=\u00a03.18 for group A; 12.65\u221210.84\u00a0=\u00a01.81 for group B). Moreover, the cream containing herbal mixture, but not arbutin cream and placebo, significantly reduced EI and density of inflammatory cells after 12\u2010week treatment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). No adverse reactions were observed in either group A or group C. In group B, two subjects experienced mild erythema and itching, which disappeared after stop using the arbutin cream.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cream containing herbal mixture is safe and effective for melasma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,13]],"date-time":"2019-04-13T10:44:17Z","timestamp":1555152257000},"page":"1721-1728","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["A cream of herbal mixture to improve melasma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6306-5379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiongyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming 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