{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T06:11:33Z","timestamp":1778134293540,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]],"date-time":"2020-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tranexamic acid (TXA) in oral, topical, and intra\u2010dermal injection routes showed efficacy in melasma treatment. Micro\u2010needling and fractional carbon dioxide (CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) laser were reported to enhance the drug delivery of TXA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed at comparing the use of micro\u2010needling and fractional CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser for drug delivery of TXA in the treatment of facial melasma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients\/Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty female patients with bilateral symmetrical facial melasma were subjected to micro\u2010needling, for one side of the face, and fractional CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser, for the other, followed by an immediate topical application of TXA solution 4\u00a0mg\/mL. Patients received six biweekly sessions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two weeks after the last session, a significant reduction in baseline modified melasma area and severity index (mMASI) score was observed on both sides. The mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0SD baseline mMASI dropped from 3.43\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.84 to 1.59\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.51 (mean reduction 57.73%,\u00a0<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001) and from 3.51\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.84 to 1.78\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.51 (mean reduction 55.82%,\u00a0<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001) in the micro\u2010needling\u2013treated side and in the fractional CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser\u2013treated side, respectively. However, no statistically significant differences were found between the two sides (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.81).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Micro\u2010needling and fractional CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser are equally safe and effective for the delivery of TXA in the treatment of facial melasma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.13537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]],"date-time":"2020-06-20T08:25:16Z","timestamp":1592641516000},"page":"460-465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Micro\u2010needling versus fractional carbon dioxide laser for delivery of tranexamic acid in the treatment of melasma: A split\u2010face study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Khaled M. M.","family":"Mekawy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser Unit Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Al\u2010Azhar University Faculty of Medicine Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Sadek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser Unit Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Al\u2010Azhar University Faculty of Medicine Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5138-9883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad K.","family":"Seddeik Abdel\u2010Hameed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser Unit Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Al\u2010Azhar University Faculty of Medicine Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.14197"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2668"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001518"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-012-9899-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.09.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2012.04464.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.12835"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"626","article-title":"Localized intradermal microinjection of tranexamic acid for treatment of melasma in Asian patients: a preliminary clinical trial","volume":"32","author":"Lee JH","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2077.118403"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000006897"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_22_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.10.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12684"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20154748"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/JEWD.JEWD_25_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01913123.2019.1673861"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20591"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20254"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000371386"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjocd.13537","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.13537","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jocd.13537","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.13537","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T19:07:28Z","timestamp":1693595248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jocd.13537"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jocd.13537"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.13537","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-2130","1473-2165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-2130","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}