{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T13:30:29Z","timestamp":1781616629413,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]],"date-time":"2020-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following a growing mistrust in a certain number of ingredients used by the cosmetic industry, it has become popular in recent years for consumers to make their own products at home. This trend now touches on all areas of the industry, but is especially found in the hygiene sector, with shampoos and toothpaste, and the care sector, with moisturizers and sunscreen, products.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study is to analyze sunscreen recipes found on the Internet and to assess their level of photoprotective efficacy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifteen Internet recipes were chosen, and then, the products were made in the laboratory following the protocols described. Using an <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> method, the following efficacy indicators were determined for the preparations made: the Sun Protection Factor (SPF), the Production Factor in the UVA domain (PF\u2010UVA), and the critical wavelength (\u03bb<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three of the 15 recipes studied do not contain any sunscreen and therefore constitute a major risk for users in case of exposure to the sun. The other 12 cannot be considered as sun protection products since all of them have an SPF under 6, the threshold value required in Europe.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The recipes that we collected on the Internet are very dangerous since some of them have no photoprotective effect whatsoever and most of them do not ensure a sufficient level of photoprotection for the persons using them.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.13783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T02:11:21Z","timestamp":1602555081000},"page":"1788-1794","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Demonstration of the dangerous nature of \u2018homemade\u2019 sunscreen recipes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Couteau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Pharmacie industrielle et de Cosm\u00e9tologie Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie Universit\u00e9 de Nantes MMS, EA2160 Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coraline","family":"Dupont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Pharmacie industrielle et de Cosm\u00e9tologie Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie Universit\u00e9 de Nantes MMS, EA2160 Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Paparis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Pharmacie industrielle et de Cosm\u00e9tologie Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie Universit\u00e9 de Nantes MMS, EA2160 Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6233-0409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurence J. M.","family":"Coiffard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Pharmacie industrielle et de Cosm\u00e9tologie Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie Universit\u00e9 de Nantes MMS, EA2160 Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3917\/tdm.018.0015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"AttwoodLynne.Creating the New Soviet Woman: Women\u2019s Magazines as Engineers of Female Identity. 1922\u201353 (Houndmills UK \u2013 New York N.Y.: Macmillan; St. Martin\u2019s Press 1999) 11\u201317 66\u201371 163\u2013167."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7135\/UPO9781843318170.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"Nutrition & Alimentation.https:\/\/www.opinion\u2010way.com\/fr\/nos\u2010expertises\/nutrition\u2010alimentation.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"Cosmetics and hygiene products.https:\/\/www.opinion\u2010way.com\/fr\/nos\u2010expertises\/cosmetique\u2010hygiene\u2010beaute.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.12066_suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2011.05.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1979.tb07090.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"449","article-title":"Study of the efficacy of 18 sun filters authorized in European Union tested in vitro","volume":"62","author":"Couteau C","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmazie"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10837450802683966"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pinterest Homemade Sunscreens: A Recipe for Sunburn","volume":"21","author":"Merten JW","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Commun"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"Commission regulation (EU) 2016\/621 of 21 April 2016 amending Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1223\/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council on cosmetic products."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2014.03.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"Sunscreen products containing karanja oil.http:\/\/ansm.sante.fr\/var\/ansm_site\/storage\/original\/application\/dd06a8d579622fd0b1ddd4484225aa82.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","unstructured":"Commission recommendation of 22 September 2006 on the efficacy of sunscreen products and the claims made relating thereto."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"58","article-title":"Mineral filters in sunscreen products\u2010comparison of the efficacy of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide by in vitro method","volume":"63","author":"Couteau C","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharmazie"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-8490.60586"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Contact and photocontact allergy to sunscreens","volume":"1","author":"Thune P","year":"1984","journal-title":"Photodermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2017.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.03.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1143\/JJAP.44.8269"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","unstructured":"SCCNFP.Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Cosmetic Products and Non\u2010Food Products Intended for Consumers Concerning Titanium Dioxide. 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