{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T04:10:54Z","timestamp":1782792654828,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Melasma is an acquired refractory pigmentary disorder, which is a skin disease that predominantly affects females. This investigation aims to assess the efficacy of a low\u2010power fractional CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser combined with tranexamic acid (TXA) for melasma topical treatment with MASI and dermoscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A randomized comparative split\u2010face study was performed. Each treatment interval was 3 weeks with four times in total. At the same time, we applied TXA solution twice a day. Assessments were made by the MASI score of the melasma area severity index, and the dermoscopy performance was collected and analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After treatments, the patient MASI score decreased significantly. Compared with the baseline, the MASI score was significantly lower than that of control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05), and the decrease ratio was higher than that of controls. Dermoscopy examination results verified that all lesions performed reticuloglobular pattern, granular, or punctate, with no structural pigmentation and obvious capillary dilation. After comprehensive treatments, the pigmentation area displayed lighter chroma, the follicle pore uniformity was completely improved, and the capillary dilation was significantly reduced.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low\u2010power fractional CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser combined with topical TXA solution is a comparatively effective and safe method for melasma treatment. TXA could reduce the dilation of blood vessels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.13992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T09:17:35Z","timestamp":1612948655000},"page":"1110-1116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Clinical observation and dermoscopy evaluation of fractional CO<sub>2<\/sub> laser combined with topical tranexamic acid in melasma treatments"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Qu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Yantai Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengjuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dongying District People's Hospital of Dongying City Dongying China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junru","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Laishan Branch Yantai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9611-8553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiujuan","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Yantai Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23052"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000365080"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.12878"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","first-page":"440","article-title":"Criteria for clinical diagnosis and efficacy of melasma (2003 revision)","volume":"37","author":"Department of pigmentology, dermatovenereal diseases committee of integrated Chinese and western medicine, China","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chin J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-017-0194-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17060824"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001518"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","first-page":"226","article-title":"Characteristic dermoscopic features of melasma","volume":"37","author":"Li Y","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_6_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12684"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000000378"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_1","first-page":"1533","article-title":"Defective Barrier function in melasma skin","volume":"12","author":"Lee DJ","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2007.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2009.01057.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.02.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6705.2005.00345.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijwd.2018.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2018.12.031"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_4_21_1","article-title":"Efficacy of functional microarray of microneedles combined with topical tranexamic acid for melasma","volume":"96","author":"Xu Y","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine (United States)"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12026"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33898-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.14115"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_4_25_1","first-page":"32823","article-title":"Topical 5% Tranexamic acid for acne\u2010related post inflammatory erythema","volume":"0190","author":"Jakhar D","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2017.1392476"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1683414"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12788\/j.sder.2016.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23032"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_4_30_1","first-page":"858","article-title":"Laser\u2010assisted drug delivery","volume":"109","author":"Alegre\u2010S\u00e1nchez A","year":"2018","journal-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0151-9638(11)70084-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S77996"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.13992","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jocd.13992","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.13992","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T14:39:47Z","timestamp":1693579187000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jocd.13992"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jocd.13992"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.13992","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-2130","1473-2165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-2130","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-12-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}