{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T14:22:21Z","timestamp":1761402141899,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pseudofolliculitis barbae (PFB) is a chronic inflammatory disorder occurring mostly in regions of thick hair growth after shaving. PFB is characterized clinically by multiple painful, pruritic erythematous papules and, less commonly, pustules, nodules, or abscesses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy of topical eflornithine cream only, long\u2010pulsed Nd\u2010YAG laser, versus their combination for PFB management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 40 male patients with PFB were allocated into 3 treatment groups; Group 1 (n\u00a0=\u00a012): Treated by topical eflornithine cream twice daily for 16\u00a0weeks, Group II (n\u00a0=\u00a013): Treated by long\u2010pulsed Nd\u2010YAG laser for 4 sessions 4\u2010week interval, Group III (n\u00a0=\u00a015): Treated by this combination for 16\u00a0weeks. The patients were evaluated after 16\u00a0weeks and for a further 12\u00a0weeks through serial photographs, Folliscopic evaluation, and a quartile grading system for improvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After 16\u00a0weeks of treatments, the mean improvement percentages of the inflammatory papules, as well as hair density in the long\u2010pulsed Nd\u2010YAG laser +eflornithine cream, treated group were significantly higher compared with either eflornithine cream treated group or laser\u2010only treated group. The same relationship was demonstrated after 12\u00a0weeks of follow\u2010up but with lower improvements compared with 16\u00a0weeks of treatment outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Topical eflornithine cream exerts an additive effect on long\u2010pulsed Nd\u2010YAG laser in enhancing the rate and degree of hair reduction and inflammatory papules in PFB cases with a further follow\u2010up improvement. This combined approach should be long\u2010established in larger sample sizes and long\u2010term studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T07:50:17Z","timestamp":1614239417000},"page":"3517-3525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pseudofolliculitis barbae treatment: Efficacy of topical eflornithine, long\u2010pulsed Nd\u2010YAG laser versus their combination"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Hisham","family":"Shokeir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences Medical Applications of Laser Department Cairo University Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nevien","family":"Samy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences Medical Applications of Laser Department Cairo University Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2176-2146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mai","family":"Taymour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private sector Dermatology &amp; Andrology Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118497784.ch16"},{"volume-title":"Dermatology","year":"2012","author":"Bolognia JL","key":"e_1_2_6_3_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2002.120789"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S149250"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1396-0296.2004.04016.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.1999.09995-5.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.2000.00046.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Twice\u2010daily applications of benzoyl peroxide 5% clindamycin 1%gel versus vehicle in the treatment of pseudofolliculitis barbae","volume":"73","author":"Cook\u2010Bolden FE","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12331"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-007-0531-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"257","volume-title":"Polyamine drug discovery","author":"Bachmann AS","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/cns-2017-0031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"98","article-title":"Low\u2010fluence 1,064\u2010nm laser hair reduction for pseudofolliculitis barbae in skin types IV, V, and VI","volume":"5","author":"Schulze R","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.10.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Vaniqae\u2010eflornithine 13.9% cream","volume":"6","author":"Shapiro J","year":"2001","journal-title":"Skin Therapy Lett"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2006.03079.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.14027","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jocd.14027","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.14027","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T06:32:24Z","timestamp":1693204344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jocd.14027"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jocd.14027"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.14027","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-2130","1473-2165"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1473-2130"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1473-2165"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-11-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}