{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:20:50Z","timestamp":1788999650973,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite the wide use of saliva\u2010based measurements in inflammatory, autoimmune and neoplastic conditions, its use in dermatology is still limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aims of this study were to assess the serum and salivary levels of interleukin\u20101 beta (IL\u20101\u03b2) and C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) in patients with acne vulgaris.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients\/Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study included 84 moderate\u2010to\u2010severe acne vulgaris patients, in addition to 105 healthy control subjects. Serum and salivary levels of CRP and IL\u20101\u03b2 were estimated using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\u2010test, the serum and salivary levels of both CRP and IL\u20101\u03b2 in the patients were significantly higher than the measured levels in the control subjects (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001). Using Pearson correlation coefficient, serum and salivary CRP and serum IL\u20101\u03b2 levels showed significantly positive correlation with GAGS scores (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001). The levels of IL\u20101\u03b2 in saliva did not show significant correlation with GAGS scores or with serum and salivary CRP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study supports the emerging role of saliva as a valid noninvasive tool for monitoring inflammation and as a reliable and stress\u2010free tool to evaluate cytokines and other inflammatory marker levels in acne vulgaris.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]],"date-time":"2021-05-19T04:01:31Z","timestamp":1621396891000},"page":"1280-1285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Inflammatory markers in acne vulgaris: Saliva as a novel diagnostic fluid"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Khaled Mohey El\u2010Din","family":"Monib","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology and Andrology 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