{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:09:39Z","timestamp":1775693379508,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patch test, as a helpful tool in clinic diagnosis and safety assessment of cosmetics, is affected by many factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the influencing factors of patch test reactions in a highly standardized large\u2010scale dataset of Chinese.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patch test data (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0151,280) from safety assessments of cosmetic products were obtained following internationally standardized patch testing protocols during 2004\u20132017 in China.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The frequency of patch test reactions was 1.45% (2,191\/151,280), with majority of the reactions being \u201cscore 1\u201d reactions (also known as doubtful reactions, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a02,075) and a small number being \u201cscore 2\u201d reactions (weak reactions, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0116). Patch test reactions were 67% more frequent in winter (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001), associated with temperatures (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001), rather than relative humidity (P:0.29). The frequency of reactions was higher in men than in women (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>:0.001), especially in winter. The risk to develop reactions clearly increased with age in women (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001), but not in men (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>:0.14). In women, the frequency of reactions in the old group (\u226550\u00a0years old) was 30% more than the young group (&lt;30\u00a0years old).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The frequency of patch test reactions to cosmetic products was 1.45% in our large\u2010scale study. The influencing factors of patch test include season, sex, and age, which should be considered when conducting and interpreting patch testing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T08:51:02Z","timestamp":1625820662000},"page":"2183-2188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Analysis of factors influencing patch test reactions: Results from a large\u2010 population\u2010based study in Chinese"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Bingjie","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Skin and Cosmetics Research Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital School of Medicine, Tongji University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences  China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Skin and Cosmetics Research Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital School of Medicine, Tongji University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"NMPA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Evaluation of Cosmetics  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7696-3407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yimei","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Skin and Cosmetics Research Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital School of Medicine, Tongji University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"NMPA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Evaluation of Cosmetics  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Human Phenome Institute Fudan University  China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fudi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences  China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiyi","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Skin and Cosmetics Research Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital School of Medicine, Tongji University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"NMPA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Evaluation of Cosmetics  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuemin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Skin and Cosmetics Research Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital School of Medicine, Tongji University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Air Force General Hospital  China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Krutmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Phenome Institute Fudan University  China"},{"name":"IUF Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"},{"name":"Medical Faculty Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010University  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sijia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences  China"},{"name":"Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0849-5688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Skin and Cosmetics Research Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital School of Medicine, Tongji University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"NMPA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Evaluation of Cosmetics  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1470.2003.20204.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1989.tb04665.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0536.2001.044003146.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000142047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08448.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"AdministrationCF a. D. (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","unstructured":"ZhaoT. Hygienic standard for cosmetics [M]. Minister Of Health of the People\u2019s Republic of China (2007)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"287","article-title":"Terminology of contact dermatitis","volume":"50","author":"Wilkinson D","year":"1970","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"153","article-title":"Routine patch testing. II. Proposed basic series of test substances for Scandinavian countries and general remarks on testing technique","volume":"46","author":"Magnusson B","year":"1966","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1986.tb01206.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05954.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-1873.2005.00555.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02505294"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000076800"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000047989"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1995.tb08672.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"159","article-title":"Consumption of cosmetic products by the French population","volume":"78","author":"Ficheux A","year":"2015","journal-title":"First part: frequency data"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","unstructured":"NamCH ChoiMS KimJS et al. \ud504. P117: Epidemiologic analysis on usage patterns of cosmetic products in Korea: part. 2014;66:357\u2010358."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12076"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","unstructured":"MaruyamaK OkanoY MasakiH SakuraiH. Effect of free fatty acids in sebum on epidermal barrier function. 2001;35:133\u2010140."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2011.01978.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2003.05491.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02357.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06008.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.14338","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jocd.14338","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.14338","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T23:44:07Z","timestamp":1692661447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jocd.14338"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jocd.14338"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.14338","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-2130","1473-2165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-2130","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-05-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}