{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:13:01Z","timestamp":1787015581466,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]],"date-time":"2021-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Melanoma is associated with poor prognosis in its advanced stages. Potential influence of estrogen and its metabolites on melanoma growth has been suggested.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this review was to provide an overview on the evidence related to estrogen in malignant melanoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Literature search using PubMed, Google Scholar and relevant cross\u2010references of the retrieved articles was performed to review relevant published articles related to estrogen and its effects in malignant melanoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Effect of estrogen signaling on a tissue largely depends on the relative expression of estrogen receptors (ER) \u03b1 and \u03b2. Gender differences in melanoma may be explained by the difference in expression of these receptors. ER\u03b2 is the principal ER in melanoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although there is uncertainty about role of estrogen in pathogenensis and progression of melanoma, evidence suggests that its growth and metastasis are influenced by estrogen stimulation. Role ER on the proliferation of melanoma cells is well described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a need of safe and effective therapy for melanoma, especially for advanced cases. After the establishment of specific role of estrogen and its receptor, analysis of specific genetic mutation can be performed for proper utilization of targeted therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]],"date-time":"2021-08-20T15:21:07Z","timestamp":1629472867000},"page":"1905-1912","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Effect of estrogen in malignant melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Neetu","family":"Bhari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology All India Institute of Medical Sciences  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Schwaertz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Rutgers New Jersey Medical School  Newark New Jersey 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