{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T13:40:46Z","timestamp":1772286046671,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]],"date-time":"2021-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Melasma, also known as chloasma or mask of pregnancy, is a common, acquired, hyperpigmentary disorder usually affecting females. Tranexamic acid (TA), a derivative of amino acid lysine, has shown promising results over the past few years when used along with other therapies and when used as a stand\u2010alone therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim of the Work.<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of topically applied tranexamic acid after microneedling versus topically applied hydroquinone (HQ) 4% alone in patients with melasma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty selected patients were divided randomly according to the random number allocation method into two groups (25 patients each) of A (topical 4% hydroquinone, nightly application) and B (microneedling\u00a0+\u00a0topical 4% TA, every other week).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After eight weeks of treatment, the mean modified MASI score of the HQ treated side changed from 6.604\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.02 to 3.032\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.19 with a mean decrease percentage of 54.8%\u00a0\u00b1\u00a019.4%. This reduction in modified MASI score was found to be statistically significant, (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001). MASI score of group B (TA +microneedling) changed from 6.348\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.84 to 3.712\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.19 with mean decrease percentage of 57.4%\u00a0\u00b1\u00a023.4% which was also statistically significant, (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrated safety and efficacy of both used modalities and with minimal side effects. Topical HQ application achieved minimal non\u2010significant higher satisfactory results among raters and subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]],"date-time":"2021-09-15T21:00:56Z","timestamp":1631739656000},"page":"4011-4016","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Microneedling\u2010assisted topical tranexamic acid solution versus 4% hydroquinone for treating melasma: A split\u2010face randomized study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Mohamed S.","family":"Zaky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Damietta Faculty of Medicine Al\u2010Azhar University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zakaria M.","family":"Obaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Damietta Faculty of Medicine Al\u2010Azhar University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eman A.","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Damietta Faculty of Medicine Al\u2010Azhar University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7541-5241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed L.","family":"Elsaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology National Research Centre Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2020.1793888"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"177","article-title":"Community\u2010based trial of a triple\u2010combination agent for the treatment of facial melasma","volume":"77","author":"Grimes P","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2302\/kjm.11.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.4103\/Pigmentinternational.Pigmentinternational_9_20","article-title":"Tranexamic acid in melasma: a review","volume":"7","author":"Kaur A","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pigment Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1773-2247(09)50065-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.10.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"3129","article-title":"Treatment of melasma with tranexamic acid","volume":"13","author":"Sadako N","year":"1979","journal-title":"The Clin Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/jhs.53.389"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2015.27.3.250"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2017.05.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/JEWD.JEWD_25_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-017-0195-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.13392"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1011-1344(98)00212-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"753","article-title":"Topical tranexamic acid as a promising treatment for melasma","volume":"19","author":"Ebrahimi B","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Res Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000371386"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12152"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.09.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.12474"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.12704"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2012.04464.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2018.3494","article-title":"Analysis of the effect of different doses of oral tranexamic acid on melasma: a multicentre prospective study","volume":"29","author":"Zhu CY","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2017.1392476"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20154748"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-017-0263-3"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.14440","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jocd.14440","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.14440","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,8]],"date-time":"2024-09-08T12:22:08Z","timestamp":1725798128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jocd.14440"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jocd.14440"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.14440","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-2130","1473-2165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-2130","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-09-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}