{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T21:53:32Z","timestamp":1788386012301,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002560","name":"Soonchunhyang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002560","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>One of the most frequently performed anti\u2010aging surgical procedures is thread facelift. Since the 2010s, thread lifts using absorbable polydioxanone (PDO) thread were developed and have become increasingly popular. This research aims to identify the changes in and the mechanisms of absorbable thread\u2010lifting components, namely, PDO (polydioxanone) and PCL (polycaprolactone), with varied absorption periods in the body.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four different types of threads, namely, single\u2010stranded thread, 4\u2010stranded thread, 12\u2010stranded thread, and barbed Cog thread, were used for each component. Histological changes in the thread and neighboring tissue of rat model were investigated for 2\u2010week interval, and PCR was conducted for genes related to fibroblast proliferation including type 1\u03b11 collagen, type 3\u03b11 collagen, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF\u2010\u03b21).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>An increase in the collagen formation in all types of PDO and PCL groups was observed during the first 12\u00a0weeks and decreased afterward. Collagen formation decreased later in the PCL thread group significantly than the POD group. PCL thread remained logner in the tissue for over a year regarding POD requiring around 24\u00a0weeks of absorption\u2013degradation. A larger surface area between the thread and the tissue induces a greater response in the tissue, resulting in an increase in inflammatory cells, myofibroblasts, and fibroblasts. Results showed a similar pattern of increase in type 1\u03b11 collagen and TGF\u2010\u03b2 in the PDO thread group. This suggests that TGF\u2010\u03b2 signal transduction leads to fibroblast proliferation that stimulates collagen formation and tissue re\u2010formation. In contrast, only type 3\u03b11 collagen increased in the PCL thread group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>More collagen formation and tissue responses are induced by PCL thread, remaining longer in the tissue than PDO, leading to more tissue tightening effects that is one of the most important points of face lifting. Morphological comparison of threads shows that not only an increase in surface area between thread and tissue but also multi\u2010strand increase tissue response, which in turn increases tissue maintenance effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T23:22:05Z","timestamp":1638314525000},"page":"2774-2782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Histological and molecular biological analysis on the reaction of absorbable thread; Polydioxanone and polycaprolactone in rat model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Young In","family":"Ha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IPPORA Plastic Surgery  Hwaseong\u2010si Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0410-2680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine  Bucheon\u2010si Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Soo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine  Bucheon\u2010si Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12969"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000000925"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2010.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2015.42.5.521"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000004101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2018.0747"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001169"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12745"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12950"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12718"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042728-200512000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000005644"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1597541"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12894"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"759","article-title":"The role of natural medicines on wound healing: a biomechanical, histological, biochemical and molecular study","volume":"28","author":"Kotian S","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ethiop J Health Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12938-016-0198-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-016-2857-0"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.14587","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jocd.14587","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.14587","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T21:24:51Z","timestamp":1692566691000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jocd.14587"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jocd.14587"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.14587","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-2130","1473-2165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-2130","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-07-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-11-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}