{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T01:59:37Z","timestamp":1773799177966,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although choosing the appropriate treatment method is relatively easy for papular or protuberant lesions, for small macular lesions it may not be so, because they are generally percepted as mild lesions by the patient and she\/he usually has the anxiety of final disfigurement which may result esthetically worse than the original one. It is reasonable to choose the method which will reveal the least scar formation and lowest recurrence rate with cost\u2010effectiveness, in removal of superficial small macular lesions for cosmetic purposes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010six male and female patients with small hyperpigmented flat or macular lesions, less than or equal to 5\u00a0mm diameter on their face, who referred to hospital dermatology clinic for removal and received an interventional therapy with a radio\u2010wave surgery unit in the years 2018\u20132019 were retrospectively recruited. Besides the observation of scar formation and residual erythema, 3\u2010month recurrence rates were also analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At the end of 3\u00a0months, there was no scar on any lesion site. Mild erythema was detected on 15\u00a0lesion sites out of a total of 218 (6.9%).The total recurrence rate was 7.7%. The mean age of the patients with at least one recurrence was significantly greater than the patients with no recurrence, and the lesions greater than 3\u00a0mm were more prone to recur than the lesions less than or equal to 3\u00a0mm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although no method of lesion removal can warrant a scarless result without recurrence, for benign macular hyperpigmented lesions of the face up to 5\u00a0mm in diameter, radio\u2010wave surgery may be preferred due to both its minimal scar formation and recurrence rate, in addition to its cost\u2010effectiveness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,15]],"date-time":"2022-04-15T18:33:16Z","timestamp":1650047596000},"page":"4691-4696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The use of radio\u2010wave surgery: An underestimated method for small hyperpigmented flat or macular lesions on face"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1469-2557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erkin","family":"Pekmezci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology International Faculty of Medicine Istanbul Medipol University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-018-1081-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2013.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-020-01891-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S57782"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-018461"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"261","volume-title":"Dermatology","author":"Nordlund JJ","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"1851","volume-title":"Dermatology","author":"Rabinovitz HS","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Radio surgery for minor operations in general practice","volume":"7","author":"Brown JS","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"437","article-title":"The use of radiosurgery in plastic surgery and dermatology","volume":"7","author":"Sperli AE","year":"1998","journal-title":"Surg Technol Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(95)90071-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.2003.29054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02337.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"330","article-title":"Wound healing by the use of scalpel and various radio\u2010frequency cutting devices (a randomized experimental study)","volume":"10","author":"Stupin VA","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/146288300750163745"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22472"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2020.32.1.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14764171003706109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23450"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2017.29.4.427"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2017.29.1.39"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05384.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","first-page":"281","article-title":"Transmission electron microscopy: evaluation of damage in human oviducts caused by different surgical instruments","volume":"29","author":"Olivar AC","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.2000.99230.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.77552"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","first-page":"277","article-title":"Comparison of efficacy of cryotherapy vs Q\u2010switch Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of solar lentigines","volume":"30","author":"Dawood N","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pakistan Assoc Dermatologists"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","first-page":"663","volume-title":"Dermatology","author":"Epstein E","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(93)90179-F"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.14995","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jocd.14995","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.14995","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T13:45:42Z","timestamp":1748353542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jocd.14995"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jocd.14995"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.14995","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-2130","1473-2165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-2130","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-01-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-04-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}