{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:20:51Z","timestamp":1791487251095,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,19]],"date-time":"2022-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,19]],"date-time":"2022-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acne vulgaris (AV) is a complex and multifactorial inflammatory disease affecting the pilosebaceous follicles. Optimum treatment of AV is important to reduce the disease severity and recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the role of metformin in the treatment of acne vulgaris by reducing the level of insulin\u2010like growth factor 1.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty patients with AV were included in the study. Their ages ranged from 16 to 30\u2009years, and they had different grades of the disease. IGF\u20101 levels were measured in all patients before and after the treatment with metformin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After 4\u2009months of therapy, there was a clinical improvement detected by an improvement in the global acne grading system (GAGS) score and also a significant decrease in IGF\u2010level.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IGF\u20101 may have an important role in the pathogenesis of acne; also we can presume that oral metformin is an effective and safe line in the treatment of AV.<\/jats:p>\n                  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Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walaa H.","family":"Abd\u2010Elaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Department, Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University  Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Hussein","family":"AbouHadeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology and Venereology Department National Research Center  Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5648-6842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reham","family":"Essam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Department, Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University  Zagazig 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