{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T05:44:23Z","timestamp":1789883063682,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]],"date-time":"2022-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tofacitinib, a potent JAK inhibitor, has gained increasing interest, in recent years, among dermatologists for the management of refractory alopecia areata. Despite a growing number of studies on its safety and efficacy, there is still a lack of clarity, especially in the pediatric population, in treatment considerations such as proper dosage, treatment duration, side\u2010effect profile, and therapeutic strategies to guide clinicians.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multiple databases were systematically searched. Following the PRISMA diagram, of a pool of 601 papers, seven met a checklist of inclusion criteria. These were observational studies including a total of 59 patients from four to 19\u2009years of age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the evaluated studies, tofacitinib was administered either orally at a 2.5 to 15\u2009mg daily (mostly 5\u00a0mg twice a day) dosage for 2 to 38\u2009months or in the form of a 2% topical solution for 3\u201317\u2009months. Metanalysis showed that 49% (95% CI: 29%\u201369%, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a059.94%) of patients experienced a reversal of alopecia after a minimum of 3 to 9\u00a0months of therapy. Fifty\u2010five percent (95% CI: 23%\u201386%, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a075.07%) and 41% (95% CI: 23%\u201359%, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a00.00%) showed Good\/complete and partial response rates, respectively. Oral administration was significantly more efficacious than topical application (73% vs 23%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010Value\u00a0=\u00a00.04). Few side effects such as diarrhea and mild liver transaminases abnormalities were noted in several patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results of this review suggest that tofacitinib at 2.5\u201315\u2009mg daily (especially 5\u00a0mg twice daily) oral formulation or 2% topical solution can be regarded as a viable alternative or adjunct to the conventional treatment options for moderate to severe forms of alopecia areata in children owing to its acceptable efficacy and side\u2010effect profile. However, uncertainties continue to exist around treatment strategies including initial and maintenance dosages, route of administration, dose adjustments, the timing of tapering or discontinuation, and associated treatment modalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.15425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]],"date-time":"2022-09-30T08:45:02Z","timestamp":1664527502000},"page":"6644-6652","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib for treatment of alopecia areata in children: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6545-3460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elham","family":"Behrangi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC) School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS)  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Skin and Stem Cell Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5197-1139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahdieh Shokrollahi","family":"Barough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9134-3687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malihe","family":"Khoramdad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0577-8378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pardis","family":"Hejazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skin and Stem Cell Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8066-5739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masoud\u00a0Pourghahramani","family":"Koltapeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC) School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS)  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Student Research Committee, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran 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