{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T08:09:59Z","timestamp":1780733399509,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Silymarin is the active component of milk thistle, which has antioxidant properties by scavenging free radicals and potential comedolytic properties.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of 0.5% silymarin\u2010loaded antioxidant serum (SAS) used to treat mild\u2010to\u2010moderate acne.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective, open\u2010label pilot study was conducted. We enrolled 22 Korean acne patients who applied the 0.5% SAS on the whole face twice daily while continuing the current anti\u2010acne medications. Grade of acne severity, individual lesion counts, sebum output levels, skin erythema, and melanin pigmentation were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After a 4\u2010week application, the modified Global Acne Grading Score (mGAGS), Global Evaluation Acne (GEA) scale, and the acne lesion counts were significantly decreased. Sebum secretion, skin pigmentation, and erythema were also reduced during the study period, yet only the melanin pigmentation index reached statistical significance. Subgroup analysis revealed that the patients who took the low\u2010dose oral isotretinoin during the study period showed more noticeable improvements in skin sebum output and melanin pigmentation. Additionally, no adverse event was associated with using the 0.5% SAS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 0.5% silymarin\u2010containing antioxidant formulation improved acne's clinical severity and related skin biophysical parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.15439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,7]],"date-time":"2022-10-07T06:52:06Z","timestamp":1665125526000},"page":"561-568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Efficacy and safety of silymarin containing antioxidant serum as an adjuvant treatment of mild\u2010to\u2010moderate acne vulgaris: A\u00a0prospective, open\u2010label pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6628-3507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jemin","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seodaemun\u2010gu Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun Na","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seodaemun\u2010gu Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joohee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seodaemun\u2010gu Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Gyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seodaemun\u2010gu Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seodaemun\u2010gu Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye Seul","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seodaemun\u2010gu Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9803-7415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoe Diana","family":"Draelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Consulting Services, High Point  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0047-5941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jihee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seodaemun\u2010gu Korea"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seodaemun\u2010gu Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.09.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60321-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12497"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13579"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.292"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2010.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000113648"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i27.5004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.13095"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24010123"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12769"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"43","article-title":"Comparison of salicylic acid 30% peel and pneumatic broadband light in the treatment of mild to moderately severe facial acne vulgaris","volume":"100","author":"Thuangtong R","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2010.03685.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-016-0113-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08935.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2012.05853.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.131455"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12895-015-0036-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04416.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15926"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","first-page":"266","article-title":"Comparison of clindamycin 1% and benzoyl peroxide 5% gel to a novel composition containing salicylic acid, capryloyl salicylic acid, HEPES, glycolic acid, citric acid, and dioic acid in the treatment of acne vulgaris","volume":"12","author":"Baumann LS","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/JCAS.JCAS_135_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14016"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.15439","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jocd.15439","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.15439","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T06:09:01Z","timestamp":1717654141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jocd.15439"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jocd.15439"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.15439","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-2130","1473-2165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-2130","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-08-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-10-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-10-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}