{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:17:01Z","timestamp":1777933021133,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Melasma is a chronic dermatosis that impacts the patient's quality of life and can present considerable challenges in terms of effective treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of 5% cysteamine combined with 4% nicotinamide in female subjects with melasma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single\u2010center, single\u2010arm, prospective, open\u2010label study evaluated patients with melasma using a combination cream of 5% cysteamine and 4% nicotinamide in a progressive regimen (60\u2009min in the first month, 120\u2009min in the second month, and 180\u2009min in the third month).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 35 treated subjects exhibited reduced modified Melasma Area and Severity Index (mMASI) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and decreased MelasQoL scores (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), accompanied by improved brightness, luminosity, homogeneity, and spot intensity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Photographic and colorimetric analysis revealed smaller spots and improved homogeneity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adherence to progressive daily treatment could not be evaluated long\u2010term.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A combination cream comprising 5% cysteamine and 4% nicotinamide was effective, tolerable, and safe for treating melasma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.16183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T02:00:25Z","timestamp":1707357625000},"page":"1703-1712","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Combination of 5% cysteamine and 4% nicotinamide in melasma: Efficacy, tolerability, and safety"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8844-2887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisete Isabel","family":"Crocco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rua Barata Ribeiro  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"Torloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rua Barata Ribeiro  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula Bonilha","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rua Barata Ribeiro  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Elisa Barbosa Bueno","family":"de Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rua Barata Ribeiro  S\u00e3o Paulo 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