{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T15:05:01Z","timestamp":1781622301818,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]],"date-time":"2024-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitiligo, an autoimmune skin disorder linked to hormonal and genetic factors, results in reduced pigmentation due to a gradual decline in melanocyte activity. This systematic review delves into the role of dietary intervention and nutrition in managing vitiligo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A comprehensive search on PubMed, Google Scholar, and European PMC identified 214 studies, with 14 meeting inclusion criteria post\u2010screening. The selected studies primarily explored the impact of dietary supplements on disease activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Heavy metal exposure, specifically Cd, Pb, and Hg, indicated potential links to heightened reactive oxygen species and vitiligo development. Conflicting evidence emerged regarding the role of trace minerals (Zn and Cu), with some studies suggesting deficiencies and others proposing excesses in vitiligo patients. Vitamins with anti\u2010inflammatory properties like vitamin C, D, and B12, along with antioxidants, were investigated for their potential in repigmentation strategies. Additionally, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially in varying types of fat consumption, were implicated. Emphasizing the need to reduce reliance on pharmacological and phototherapy interventions, the review uncovers novel roles for dietary supplements as adjuncts or flare reducers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>While dietary interventions cannot be thought of as a standalone therapy, they still make a case for being used as adjuncts. Large scale clinical trials are warranted to establish strong evidence and protocols, and might also help reduce the dependency on pharmacological methods, which come with their adverse effect profiles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.16277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]],"date-time":"2024-03-11T11:47:11Z","timestamp":1710157631000},"page":"2320-2327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Exploring the impact of diet and nutrition on vitiligo: A systematic review of dietary factors and nutritional interventions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8756-6733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeenat","family":"Hadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dow Medical College  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0023-0477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ravneet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lady Hardinge Medical College  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Parekh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bombay Hospital Institute of Medical Sciences  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0373-150X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sukul","family":"Khanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6243-7924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed Bazil Bin","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaheed Mohtarma Benezir Bhutto Medical College Lyari  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7165-4741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haleema Qayyum","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Ayub Medical College  Abbottabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faiza","family":"Ashfaque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dow Medical College  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1486-6454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dhruvi","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre  Nashik India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4266-2081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vikaskumar Jitendrakumar","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr N.D Desai Faculty of Medical Science  Nadiad Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0548-4836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Al","family":"Hasibuzzaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka  Dhaka Bangladesh"},{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University  Ningbo China"},{"name":"Med Research Hub  Panchagarh Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.28516"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.12625"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10715762.2017.1402303"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2021.4724"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S304155"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2016.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14436"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00510074"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-100919-023531"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","unstructured":"Critical Appraisal Skills Programme.CASP qualitative checklist. 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