{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T18:23:56Z","timestamp":1786386236432,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The picosecond 755\u2010nm alexandrite laser and topical tranexamic acid (TA) have shown promise in treating melasma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combining to a picosecond 755\u2010nm alexandrite laser combined with topical TA for melasma treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010eight patients\u2019 facial halves with bilateral symmetrical melasma were randomized to receive either topical TA and picosecond laser treatment or laser monotherapy. All patients received three consecutive picosecond laser treatment sessions at 4\u2010week intervals, and additional one side facial received topical TA treatment twice daily until 4 weeks after the third treatments. Efficacy was assessed using the Modified Melasma Area and Severity Index (mMASI) score, VISIA (Canfield, USA) red area feature counts, and average pore volume as measured by Antera 3D\u00ae. Patient satisfaction was evaluated through questionnaires.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010five patients completed the study. Post\u2010treatment, mMASI scores and VISIA red area feature counts were lower in combination therapy halves and laser monotherapy halves, and average melanin level was lower in the combination therapy halves (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Comparisons between the combination therapy halves and laser monotherapy halves after the third treatment revealed significant differences in mMASI scores, melanin levels, and VISIA red area feature counts (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). After treatment, patient satisfaction rates in the combination therapy halves and monotherapy halves was 71.4% and 54.3%, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). No obvious adverse effects were observed in the combination therapy halves; whereas, 10.42% (5\/48) of participants in the laser monotherapy halves experienced temporary pigmentation, which resolved within 3\u2009months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The picosecond 755\u2010nm alexandrite laser, when used independently and in combination with topical TA, has been proven to be effective in the improvement of melasma. However, the combined treatment approach showed a more pronounced improvement in melasma symptoms, with higher patient satisfaction, and was associated with a lower incidence of adverse effects. These findings strongly support that integrating topical TA with picosecond laser therapy as a superior therapeutic strategy for melasma management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Trial Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2200057771.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.16432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T10:41:53Z","timestamp":1725532913000},"page":"3579-3584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Safety and efficacy of a picosecond 755\u2010nm alexandrite laser combined with topical tranexamic acid in the treatment of melasma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Na","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linshan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5968-2750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenfeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-023-02300-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S343332"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000002612"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.12200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.44188"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2018.12.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001518"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.13503"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.3045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22227"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001697"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Characterization of the histologic changes in the skin from treatment with a 755\u2010nm picosecond alexandrite laser with a fractional optic","volume":"47","author":"Tanghetti E","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22577"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.16104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.13482"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-017-0195-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-020-03045-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14764172.2018.1427869"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-023-03810-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2014.885501"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.16432","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T05:14:22Z","timestamp":1730265262000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jocd.16432"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jocd.16432"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.16432","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-2130","1473-2165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-2130","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}