{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T17:50:58Z","timestamp":1773769858643,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771512"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771512"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81972961"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81972961"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The severity and treatment response of acne, melasma, and rosacea may be influenced by various currently unclear internal and external factors. This study aimed to provide evidence to the influencing factors for the mentioned conditions through a real\u2010world case\u2013control study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An online survey consisting of 60 questions was implemented, collecting information on demographics, socioeconomics, genetic factors, lifestyle habits, environmental exposures, and skin care behaviors. Then we constructed univariate and multivariate logistic regressions. Furthermore, we analyzed the dose\u2013response relationship between exposure and outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 399 individuals, including 94 acne patients, 107 melasma patients, and 91 rosacea patients were included. Acne and melasma were positively correlated with screen time (acne: odds ratio [OR]: 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25\u20134.02; melasma: OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.09\u20132.31), while exercise exerted a protective effect on both acne (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.13\u20130.77) and melasma (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22\u20130.80) in a dose\u2013response relationship. In addition, males were associated with an elevated risk of acne (OR: 6.62, 95% CI: 1.01\u201343.26). Aging (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.07\u20131.24) and irregular bowel movements (OR: 2.99, 95% CI: 1.11\u20138.08) were independent risk factors for melasma. Rosacea was positively associated with BMI (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01\u20131.35).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our study, we highlighted exercise as an independent protective factor for both acne and melasma in a dose\u2013response trend. Inversely, extended use of electronic equipment was independently associated with higher risks of acne and melasma. Rosacea, however, was more likely to be related with BMI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.16499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T12:13:07Z","timestamp":1722600787000},"page":"4129-4139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Exploring the influencing factors on acne, melasma, and rosacea: A case\u2013control study in China"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Qingyue","family":"Xia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8257-0000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaopeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingdan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingbao","family":"Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianxurun","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lipan","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongjin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9825-2676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3105-8657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19477"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0456"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2016.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13059"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1506630"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/52.3-4.591"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-1353-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP10556"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","volume-title":"Categorical Data Analysis","author":"Alan A","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2533494"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","volume-title":"SAS\/ACCESS\u00ae 9.4 Interface to ADABAS: Reference. 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