{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T21:51:38Z","timestamp":1791496298589,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Melasma and facial aging are prevalent dermatological concerns. The combined use of a home\u2010based radiofrequency (RF) device and a topical depigmentation agent, such as an arbutin\u2010based cream, has shown potential in addressing both conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of combining a home\u2010based RF device with arbutin cream to treat melasma and facial aging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single\u2010center, open\u2010label study included 38 participants. The treatment involved using a home\u2010based RF device alongside an arbutin cream three times a week for 4\u2009weeks, followed by a 4\u2010week rest period. Key outcomes included changes in modified Melasma Area and Severity Index (mMASI) scores, melanin index (MI), erythema index (EI), facial wrinkles, skin texture, and periorbital dermal thickness. The participants also provided a self\u2010assessment of the treatment efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After 4 and 8\u2009weeks of treatment, compared with baseline, the mMASI scores decreased by 20.8% and 25.6%, whereas the MI decreased by 22.0% and 22.8%, respectively. The EI decreased by 5.94% and 6.86%, facial wrinkles decreased by 30.9% and 35.9%, and skin texture scores decreased by 19.7% and 21.4% at 4 and 8\u2009weeks posttreatment, respectively. Significant improvements in periorbital dermal thickness and subcutaneous tissue thickness were observed after combined RF and arbutin cream treatment. None of the 38 participants experienced adverse events, and all reported satisfaction with the results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The combination of a noninvasive home\u2010based RF device and arbutin cream is effective in improving melasma and achieving facial rejuvenation, offering a safe and patient\u2010friendly treatment option.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.70007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T08:20:16Z","timestamp":1738916416000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effectiveness and Safety of Combined Use of Home\u2010Based Radiofrequency Device and Arbutin Cream in Melasma and Facial 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