{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T21:51:52Z","timestamp":1791496312983,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,9]],"date-time":"2025-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Periorbital hyperpigmentation (POH) is a common complaint worldwide. Although this cosmetic condition is not a medical concern, it can impact emotional well\u2010being. Few investigations have evaluated the association of various factors with POH, which is contradictory in some ways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study is conducted to elucidate the accurate impact of risk factors on the severity of POH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients\/Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study was performed on 116 patients attending a skin Outpatient Department in Iran from March to August 2022. A complete physical examination divided patients into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe classes. Valid questionnaires were filled out by participants about their demographic data, underlying diseases, and their habits. The chi\u2010square and linear regression tests were done. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among demographic factors, positive family history had a significant association with POH. There was a significant association between POH and stress, prolonged exposure to sun or television, and taking hormonal pills. Surprisingly, sleep quality was not significantly related to POH. In addition, there was a relationship between POH and some underlying diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Dissuasion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study agreed with others about the significant impact of factors like family history, prolonged sun exposure, stress, and anemia. The current investigation elucidated doubts about the insignificant effect of sleep quality on the severity of POH. In contrast to previous studies, a remarkable relationship between POH and atopy was not revealed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>POH is an undesirable condition. Two key factors associated with this cosmetic problem are rubbing eyes and prolonged exposure to television.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.70036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T08:00:16Z","timestamp":1739260816000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Frequency of Periorbital Hyperpigmentation Risk Factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2397-9171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fateme","family":"Heidari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Yazd Branch Islamic Azad University  Yazd Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9581-5100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Ebrahim Zadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences  Yazd Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Haji Abole Zadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences  Yazd Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasim","family":"Namiranian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes Research Center Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences  Yazd Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/Pigmentinternational.Pigmentinternational_25_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdpdd.ijdpdd_2_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2009.01213.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Peeling de gel de \u00e1cido tioglic\u00f3lico 10%: op\u00e7\u00e3o segura e eficiente na pigmenta\u00e7\u00e3o infraorbicular constitucional","volume":"2","author":"Costa A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Surgical and Cosmetic Dermatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.127675"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2021.33.5.393"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2014.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20153520"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2012.05701.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1473-2165.2007.00324.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000293869.00522.ec"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/issn.2455-4529.IntJResDermatol20172205"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12549"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cosmetics8020026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2011.02065.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_158_18"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"147","article-title":"Gender Differences in the Utilization of Health Care Services","volume":"49","author":"Bertakis K. 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