{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T21:51:36Z","timestamp":1791496296682,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The efficacy of laser treatment for facial caf\u00e9 au lait macules (CALMs) is random.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the response of different characteristics of CALMs skin lesions to laser treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients\/Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this single\u2010center retrospective case series, patients with caf\u00e9 au lait macules who received laser treatment between 2015 and 2022 at our clinic were reviewed. A total of 319 consecutive patients were eligible and were treated with either a 755\u2010nm\u2010alexandrite picosecond laser or a quality\u2010switched 755\u2010nm\u2010alexandrite laser. Observers were blinded to the final patient groups. Efficacy was graded according to four levels of treatment response: poor (Grade 1, 0%\u201325% improvement), fair (Grade 2, 26%\u201350% improvement), good (Grade 3, 51%\u201375% improvement), and excellent (Grade 4, 76%\u2013100% improvement). Treatment effects evaluated as Grades 2\u20134 were considered effective.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 319 patients, excellent and good responses were observed in 80 (25.08%) and 66 (20.69%) cases, respectively. Fifty\u2010two patients (16.30%) displayed an outcome of Grade 2 (26%\u201350% improvement), whereas 121 (37.93%) cases showed an outcome of Grade 1 (0%\u201325% improvement). The overall treatment effective rate (Grades 2\u20134) was 62.07%. Binary logistic regression analysis showed a significant association of therapeutic efficacy with lesion distribution (segmental vs. non\u2010segmental CALMs) and lesion border (irregular vs. regular) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05 for both).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Segmental and irregular border CALMs tended to respond well to laser therapy. Clinicians can leverage these characteristics to predict efficacy and manage patient expectations more effectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.70062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T04:44:54Z","timestamp":1739249094000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Characteristics of Skin Lesions Determine the Therapeutic Response of Facial Caf\u00e9 Au Lait Macules Laser Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yuanzhi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser and Dermatology Surgery Center Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanshan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser and Dermatology Surgery Center Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser and Dermatology Surgery Center Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser and Dermatology Surgery Center Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5968-2750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenfeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser and Dermatology Surgery Center Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2017.2807"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2011.590790"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(99)70075-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2023.1126555"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2019.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2010.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.20220866"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2019.1687813"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23097"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2007.33319.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23316"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.1900100112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1993.tb00355.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.12.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22454"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001697"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","first-page":"1955","volume-title":"Dermatology","author":"Bolognia J. 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