{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:42:23Z","timestamp":1790667743807,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Zonulin is a signaling protein secreted by enterocytes that can reversibly open tight junctions. Blood zonulin levels are elevated in disorders characterized by increased intestinal permeability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study is to compare blood zonulin levels and dietary habits between acne vulgaris patients and healthy controls, as well as to investigate the relationship between blood zonulin levels, diet, disease severity, age at onset, and duration in the acne group. Additionally, we aimed to explore the relationship between diet and blood zonulin levels in both groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients\/Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy\u2010five patients with acne vulgaris over the age of 18\u2009years and 75 healthy controls were included in the study. Blood zonulin levels in both groups were analyzed using the sandwich ELISA method. Demographic data, habits, and dietary preferences were recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the acne group, the mean blood zonulin level was significantly higher than in the control group (195.54\u2009\u00b1\u200949.05\u2009ng\/mL vs. 158.45\u2009\u00b1\u200985.07\u2009ng\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). Additionally, milk and high glycemic index food consumption were significantly higher in the acne group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results support the hypothesis that increased intestinal permeability may be involved in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Moreover, our study confirms the relationship between diet and acne. Future studies are warranted to elucidate the impact of acne\u2010promoting and acne\u2010preventive foods on the pathogenesis of acne through intestinal permeability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.70083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T15:07:03Z","timestamp":1741705623000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Measurement of Acne Severity, Dietary Habits, and Blood Zonulin Levels in Acne Patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6690-6372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahime Cankat","family":"G\u00fcrel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine  Isparta Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3373-9074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine  Isparta Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0640-2292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0130jlal","family":"Erturan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine  Isparta Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3877-3976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selma","family":"Korkmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine  Isparta Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3879-9917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duygu","family":"Kumbul Do\u011fu\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Suleyman Demirel University  Isparta Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60321-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2012.0060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831\/a000801"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2020.1757015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.15493"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16101476"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2020.1602"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9060668"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2021.108854"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13111166"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2023.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114521002919"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.06.060"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","article-title":"The Impact of Consuming Probiotics and Following a Vegetarian Diet on the Outcomes of Acne","volume":"16","author":"Alyoussef A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.15390"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.16434"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-012-1070-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox7030036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12142"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.646819"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgl192"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"230","article-title":"The Effect of Concanavalin A and Wheat Germ Agglutinin on the Ultrastructure and Permeability of Rat Intestine. A Possible Model for an Intestinal Allergic Reaction","volume":"75","author":"Sjolander A.","year":"1984","journal-title":"International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10111645"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocd.70083","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T18:57:44Z","timestamp":1744225064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jocd.70083"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jocd.70083"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocd.70083","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-2130","1473-2165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-2130","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-2165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70083"}}