{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:13:17Z","timestamp":1787015597819,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Melasma is a common skin condition that remains challenging to treat. Hydroquinone at 4% (HQ4%) is a frequently prescribed depigmenting compound that has been associated with potential side effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study assessed the benefit in melasma of an anti\u2010hyperpigmentation serum (Serum B3 containing 5% niacinamide, 1% tranexamic acid, 0.2% of a stabilized form of vitamin C, and different hydroxy acids) compared to HQ4%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a single\u2010site, investigator\u2010blind, randomized study, 60 females aged between 20 and 50\u2009years with facial melasma received Serum B3 for 5\u2009months (Group 1) or HQ4% for 3\u2009months followed by Serum B3 for an additional2 months (Group 2). Endpoints were Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI), modified MASI (mMASI), Investigational Global Assessment, erythema, clinical cutaneous parameters, and safety. Subjects assessed quality of life (QoL) and cosmetic acceptability. Confocal reflecting microscopy was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A significant (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) reduction in pigmentation was seen in both groups after 3\u2009months. A higher erythema score was noted in Group 2. Hydration and skin barrier function performed better in Group 1. QoL significantly (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) improved in both groups after 84\u2009days. Serum B3 was tolerated better than HQ, and subjects appreciated Serum B3. Melanin density reduction was similar for both groups after 3 and 5\u2009months.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum B3 used for 5\u2009months and HQ4% applied for 3\u2009months, followed by a 2\u2010month use of Serum B3, had a similar efficacy profile, with Serum B3 having a better local tolerance and patient acceptability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.70097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T03:41:30Z","timestamp":1741750890000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Serum Containing Niacinamide, Tranexamic Acid, Vitamin C, and Hydroxy Acid Compared to 4% Hydroquinone in the Management of Melasma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Juliane","family":"Rocio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dermatology &amp; Aesthetics of Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Christophe","family":"Pittet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orion Concept  Tours France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mukta","family":"Sachdev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Skin Centre and MSCR  Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Kovylkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vichy Laboratoires International  France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Deloche Bensmaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vichy Laboratoires International  France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Passeron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, CHU Nice Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d'Azur  Nice France"},{"name":"C3M, INSERM U1065 Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d'Azur  Nice France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"1967","article-title":"Update on Melasma\u2010Part I: Pathogenesis","volume":"12","author":"Esp\u00f3sito A. 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