{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T01:46:30Z","timestamp":1783734390296,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Facial expressions profoundly influence emotional communication and well\u2010being. The facial feedback hypothesis suggests that facial muscle activity can reinforce or modulate emotional experiences. Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT\u2010A), known for its aesthetic applications, is emerging as a modulator of mood through its effects on facial musculature and feedback mechanisms. Its ability to influence mood extends beyond aesthetic improvement, offering potential therapeutic benefits in emotional regulation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>This literature review explores the interplay between facial anatomy, emotional expression, and the potential of BoNT\u2010A to enhance overall mood and well\u2010being, beyond aesthetic improvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A literature review was conducted using PubMed with search terms like \u201cbotulinum toxin\u201d AND \u201cemotion.\u201d Relevant English\u2010language articles from 2000\u2013present were selected based on their examination of BoNT\u2010A's influence on mood and facial feedback. Articles not in English and lacking relevance were excluded. Citation tracking was used to identify additional studies, and insights from the authors' clinical expertise further informed the review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 46 articles were included based on their relevance to both BoNT\u2010A and emotional states. BoNT\u2010A\u2010induced muscle relaxation can prevent specific muscle contraction and thereby disrupt feedback loops that reinforce mood, potentially enhancing positive emotions and promoting overall wellbeing. Studies suggest that BoNT\u2010A injected into the glabella region can modulate amygdala activity, reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, and strengthen overall emotional resilience. By modulating facial expressions, BoNT\u2010A can also enhance social interactions, increase positive emotional contagion, and contribute to a more positive self\u2010perception.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>BoNT\u2010A shows promise as a novel approach to mood regulation and enhancement by altering facial feedback mechanisms. Its dual aesthetic and therapeutic benefits highlight its value in both dermatology and mental well\u2010being.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.70264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T13:00:30Z","timestamp":1748350830000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Face of Emotion: Botulinum Toxin, Emotional Anatomy, and Mood Modulation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Vanaria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical and Cosmetic Research  Aventura Florida USA"},{"name":"Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine  Nutley New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aysham","family":"Chaudry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical and Cosmetic Research  Aventura Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelica C.","family":"Marrero\u2010Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical and Cosmetic Research  Aventura Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z. 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