{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T17:45:29Z","timestamp":1755798329221,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002753","name":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["35978"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["35978"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002753","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Near\u2010infrared (NIR) and UV radiation have been reported to alter skin physiology, causing oxidative stress, mitochondrial genetic damage, and potentially leading to cancer and photoageing. NIR screening is recommended, but only inorganic sunscreens such as zinc and titanium oxide are known to absorb, reflect, and scatter NIR. Additionally, NIR spectra of common organic sunscreens are neither available in the literature nor in technical datasheets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study characterizes NIR absorption of several commercial sunscreens and alternative lichen compounds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To measure NIR absorbance and reflectance spectra, solid organic sunscreens were impregnated with minimal chloroform onto pure dry potassium bromide (KBr) crystals and analyzed using a Varian Cary 5000 spectrophotometer. Liquid compounds were tested directly in standard 1\u2009cm quartz cells. Reflectance spectra were processed using the Kubelka\u2010Monk equation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sunscreens and lichen compounds effectively absorb radiation beyond 1500\u2009nm, especially above 2100\u2009nm, with less\u2010substituted aromatic compounds such as sunscreens and methyl orsellinate performing better than more substituted ones like pseudocypherellin A and methyl 2,4\u2010dihydroxy\u20103,5,6\u2010trimethylbenzoate. Additionally, less\u2010substituted compounds exhibited minor absorption bands between 1000 and 1500\u2009nm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compounds with hydroxyl, carbonyl groups, medium\u2010length aliphatic chains, and low degree of aromatic substitution may provide NIR photoprotection. Owing to their antioxidant properties, lichen compounds are better alternatives. NIR spectroscopy is also suitable for quantification and quality control of sunscreens due to their high concentrations in finished products. However, there is still a need to develop or discover new organic sunscreens with strong NIR absorption.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.70288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T03:42:14Z","timestamp":1751427734000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of Near Infrared Spectra of Three Lichen Substances and Several Common Synthetic Organic Sunscreens"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5374-5784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Gilberto","family":"Torres Vargas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemist and Biologist Universidad Nacional de Colombia  Sede Bogot\u00e1 DC Colombia"},{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias\u2014Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Universidad Nacional de Colombia  Sede Bogot\u00e1 DC Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2008.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2014.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/edm.10.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jidsymp.2009.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2pp25152c"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000188083"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523\u20101747.2002.19630.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12165"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000257259"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15171\/apb.2019.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12688"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9783527812219"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429190674"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600\u20100781.2003.00054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/05704928508060427"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","unstructured":"L. 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