{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:34:49Z","timestamp":1791444889564,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756339200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The facial artery (FA), as the primary vascular structure of the face, exhibits numerous anatomical variations. Determining its anatomical variation (vascular mapping) by ultrasonography (US)\u2014a non\u2010invasive, low\u2010cost, practical, and bedside\u2010applicable imaging technique\u2014helps achieve safe aesthetic injections, averting complications such as ischemia and necrosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the anatomical characteristics of FA under the guidance of US, including course variations in relation to the nasolabial fold (NLF), depth, and diameter.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis used the 2020 update of the PRISMA guidelines. The detailed protocol is registered with PROSPERO. Original studies with extractable numerical data that applied Doppler US in normal adult populations to illustrate FA anatomy were evaluated. The primary two outcomes of the study were (1) the pooled visualization rate of the FA in each of the three anatomical levels and (2) the pooled prevalence of each FA course variation according to the NLF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic search through the three online databases identified 1087 records, of which 580 underwent title and abstract screening after duplicate removal, and 10 studies were included. The visualization rates at three anatomical facial levels were 100%, 99.9%, and 99.8% of all arteries. FA running medial to the NLF (type A) (46.2%), followed by FA crossing medial to lateral of the NLF (type C) (22.5%), were the most frequent courses of FA in relation to the NLF. In contrast, the FA running lateral to the NLF (type B) (12.0%) was the scarcest variation. The FA became more profound in the skin layers as it ascended in the face from level 1 (6.27\u2009mm) to level 3 (8.04\u2009mm). Moreover, the FA narrowed in diameter from level 1 (2.14\u2009mm) to level 3 (1.46\u2009mm) as it branched out and approached its termination point. Therefore, the total prevalence of angular, lateral nasal, and superior labial artery as the final branch of the FA in our study was 71.8%, 27.9%, and 5.7%, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>According to the results, the US could detect FA in almost all cases at the three levels of the face, including the lower border of the mandible, cheilion, and lateral nasal ala. This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis provided a comprehensive anatomical knowledge of the Doppler\u2010visualized FAs as an exemplary schema of pre\u2010procedural vascular mapping that can help aestheticians prevent intravascular injections, exerting safer performance during cosmetic procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Trial Registration<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PROSPERO number: CRD42024616195<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.70431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T10:07:27Z","timestamp":1756375647000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Evaluation of Facial Artery Course Variations, Diameters, and Depth Using Doppler Ultrasonography: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Pourani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Skin Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Shohada\u2010e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandana","family":"Ebrahimzade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9971-8279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ehsan","family":"Goudarzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kassir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Worldwide Laser Institute  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7947-8642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reza","family":"Robati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skin Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamideh","family":"Moravvej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skin Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Shohada\u2010e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9463-0665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fahimeh","family":"Abdollahimajd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Artificial Intelligence in Health Shohada\u2010e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Clinical Research Development Unit Shohada\u2010e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"65","article-title":"Vascular Complications After Facial Filler Injection","volume":"12","author":"Sito G.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.14285"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20517\/2347-9264.2022.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005201"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X13493638"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000011175"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"382","article-title":"The Face\u2014A Vascular Perspective. 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