{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T17:51:54Z","timestamp":1785261114977,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cosmetic Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In recent years, the demand for sophisticated aesthetic solutions and the emergence of novel materials in cosmetic dermatology have increased substantially. However, these materials induce marked inflammatory reactions. To address this limitation, in this study, we developed a novel filler Cross\u2010Linked Sodium Hyaluronate Gel combined with Polyvinyl Alcohol Microspheres (PVA\/HA filler) and systematically evaluated its effects on the periosteum and subcutaneous tissue in a rat model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ultrasound, histopathology, and molecular biological assays were employed to systematically assess the shape retention of the PVA\/HA filler and its biological responses at 1, 3, and 6\u2009months in the periosteum and subcutaneous tissues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Experimental data demonstrated that the PVA\/HA filler exhibited excellent structural support, with no significant morphological changes observed over the 6\u2010month observation period. Notably, the filler effectively promoted periosteal angiogenesis and enhanced proliferation of collagen and elastic fibers. Furthermore, it maintained low inflammatory responses, even with increased microsphere concentrations in the PVA\/HA formulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The novel PVA\/HA filler demonstrated strong structural support in both the periosteum and subcutaneous tissue. The filler provides enhanced periosteal angiogenesis, promotes periosteal thickening, and stimulates collagen fiber formation, while exhibiting minimal inflammation, high safety, and no risk of hyperplasia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.70522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T09:26:35Z","timestamp":1761729995000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Novel High\u2010Safety Filler with Potential Periosteal Enhancement: In\u00a0Vivo Evaluation of Cross\u2010Linked Sodium Hyaluronate Gel with PVA Microspheres in Rat Models"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Animal Center Chongqing Medical University  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bejing Engineering Lab of Neo\u2010Biodegradable Materials  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bejing Engineering Lab of Neo\u2010Biodegradable Materials  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanyun","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bejing Engineering Lab of Neo\u2010Biodegradable Materials  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bejing Engineering Lab of Neo\u2010Biodegradable Materials  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongmei","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Animal 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